IÔ G. A. J. VAN DER SANDE. 



and f. i. is reported by ELLIS [1888, 52, 56] of Tanah Merah and Tarfia, no new facts hâve 

 been ascertained. I hâve never seen large quantities of tobacco in the houses, and the small 

 quantifies, which the people of Humboldt Bay and Lake Sentâni carried about with 

 them, consisted generally of Joose leaves, sometimes however of bundles of 5 — 7 leaves, 

 as HAGEN [1S99, 245] mentions of K. W. Land. Pièces of prepared bark (N°. 103 — 105) are 

 often used as tobacco pouch, sometimes sewn into a bag (N°. 104, PI. IV, N°. 6) with or 

 without a pièce of string wound round, as the case may be. Naturally this tobacco pouch 

 also serves to put away the fork or other small things and often a few pièces of dried banana 

 leaf, intended to serve as a wrapper (N°. 106). It is remarkable that tobacco leaves themselves 

 are never used as wrapper. In the west the young Pandan leaf is used; this is also the case 

 in the coast districts of K. VV. Land, although hère the fresh leaves of Hibiscus tiliac eu s 

 also serve the purpose. Between thèse lies the district with the banana leaf wrapper. 



Still this lias been seen used, in single instances, by the mountain tribes of German 

 New Guinea, according to NaCHRICHTEN [1891, 55], on the upper reaches of the Gogol River. 

 It is much thinner and less strong than the Pandanus leaf, a decimeter square not weighing 

 more than 470 m. Gr. Still it is easily torn and it is therefore carried about, wrapped up in 

 a strong pièce of the sheath of a palm leaf, as N°. 107 of the collection, obtained at 

 Ingrâs, exactly corresponding with what BlRO [1901, 98, fig. 50] reports of Astrolabe Bay. 

 N°. 108 — in represent small tobacco baskets of Humboldt Bay and surroundings, 

 exclusively used by the raen, who however also put away in them Areca-nuts and siri fruits. 

 The way thèse are manufactured out of two strips of a stalk of a palm leaf, of which the 

 blades are split lengthwise and twisted together, is, at the same time, simple and ingenious 

 and is also found applied to other baskets; (see the food basket N°. 87, PL III, fig. 17, of 

 Asé). As an ornament on the baskets, the black strips of quills (N°. 111, PI. IV, fig. 7) are 

 very effective, as well as the small pièces of black mycélium (N°. 109, PI. IV, fig. 9). This 

 material calls for a little closer attention, as it is so widely distributed over New Guinea and 

 is used from west to east for ornamentation. Most ethnographers indicate it as a root fibre. 

 Mr. J. Jeswiet, conservator of the Colonial Muséum at Harlem, was kind enough to examine 

 it more closely, and by microscopical examination found it to be the mycélium of a fungus. 

 It could not be made out what fungus it was. It grows, amongst other places, on the moist 

 southerly slope of the Cyclope Mountains. A member of our expédition, there saw a couple 

 of Papuans, busy at the foot of a tree, digging out thèse black threads with their hands. 

 The vanes of the black Rliy tidocer s feathers, attached as an ornament to N°. 110 

 and iii, PI. IV, fig. 7, are, as is also often the case with the feathers of the hairdress, 

 eut in the shape of birds. Of quite a différent shape is the basket made out of reeds, N°. 

 112, PI. IV, fig. S, of Angâdi, with two handles of strips of bark, twisted into flat plaits, 

 as fig. 4. 



It should be noticed that the margin of this basket is braided with cord, in the same 

 rnanner as basket N°. 623 of Kwatisoré. It is shown in fig. 5, of which the vertical turns 

 pass through the twisted work of the basket, the horizontal ones resting on the margin. 

 Holmes [1897, 43, fig. 1 and PI. XI] found the same pattern of looping cord, used in fastening 

 teeth of Papuan crania. 



Besides baskets, bags made out of cord, are also used for carrying about the tobacco, 



