2 G. A. J. VAN DER SANDE. 



110] is applicable: that man in the first stages of his existence, lias seized upon the dog, as 

 well as upon other animais, in order to use them as food. 



As against the above, it may be stated explicitly that from the north coast of Nether- 

 lands New Guinea dog's méat has never been mentioned as food and that the expérience 

 of the présent expédition in différent places, never visited before, entirely confirms this. Be- 

 sides, dog's skulls hâve never been found in dwellings, and necklaces of dog's teeth are hère 

 so rare and expensive, that I could not get hold of one; they are therefore probably imported. 



The p i g however is hunted generally on this coast, for the sake of the méat, as far 

 as the Islam has not made itself felt ; young pigs obtained by hunting, are reared, and in 

 many places the breeding of pigs is carried on systematically. 



When a big pig is shot, this naturally provides méat for many mouths, and as a 

 bartering trade does not appear to exist in this article (and preserving by drying or smoking 

 is not customary in thèse parts, as far as I could find out), the success of the hunt always 

 forms an inducement for a banquet, to which in Humboldt Bay ail the men from the 

 village and from adjacent or tribal villages are invited. The guests are not obliged always 

 to consume their share on the spot, at ail events the members of the expédition, who were 

 treated on the footing of the most friendly power, after visiting such a feast immediately 

 received a pièce of raw méat, which was sent to their home. (In K. W. Land dog's méat 

 as well as pork, according to BlRO [1901, 55] is smoked). 



On the other hand, on the occasion of joint festivals a pig is killed, sometimes even 

 more than one. 



At a feast at Tiggedu, according to NACHRICHTEN [1889, 38] as many as 36 big pigs 

 were killed at one time (PlTCAlRN [1S91, 68] even mentions the killing of 100 pigs on the 

 occasion of a harvest festival). A spear was thrust behind the shoulder blade in the direction 

 of the head, and the wound afterwards still widened, until death took place in conséquence 

 of internai bleeding. Hère also a part of the méat was taken home by the guests at the 

 conclusion of the feast. I don't know how the pig is killed in Humboldt Bay, at ail events 

 no blood is collected, it was allowed to run away, as CHALMERS [1885, 84] reports from the 

 Aroma district. The hair is singed off by fire and the slices of méat are roasted on the 

 embers of the wood fire. 



During the visit of the expédition to Nimbûran two pigs were being killed for a feast 

 within the precincts of the village, but out of the présence of the women, in the shade, palm 

 leaves having been spread out on the ground. 



At Tobâdi ail this took place in the temple and it may be taken for granted that 

 hère the women do not in any way participate. That the prohibition of animal food for 

 women is carried as far as in K. W. Land, where according to HaGEN [1899, 247] it in- 

 cludes absolutely every kind of flesh even of fishes, I hâve however not found to be the case 

 on Netherlands territory. But it must hère be observed that PARKINSON [1900, 39] noticed 

 in common huts long rows of pig's lower jaws, from which I should conclude that in this part 

 of K. W. Land, at ail events pork is consumed in the households and therefore also by 

 women and children. I saw the same thing in the houses of the Manikion. In Tobâdi I do not 

 remember having met with pig's skulls, except in the temples (see fig. 187, 188), where 

 women and children were never admitted. The report of PARKINSON [1900, 40], that on 



