60 G. A. J. VAN DER SANDE. 



the top of the index and a small pièce of pumice stone, pressed by the thumb against the 

 index, the rough surface of the pumice stone preventing the slipping away of the hair. Small 

 pièces of pumice stone, tâàr, like N°. 1 1 8 of the collection, were found by me for said pur- 

 pose in the bags of the men. MACGREGOR [1897, 51] and KRIEGER [1899, 273] report this 

 method from British N. G. where the hair is caught between the nail of the thumb and a pumice 

 stone. Maclay [1876, 296] of his territory and MACGREGOR, Le. of British N. G. describe 

 a method by which the hairs are caught between two thin fibres of twine, twisted together 

 and which must be very painful ; this method as well as the small bamboo tongs used on 

 the South Eastern Islands, hâve nowhere been met by me. Older men finally often give up 

 the trouble to pull out the hairs of the beard and then show, partly owing to the previous 

 treatment, a patchy beard. On Lake Sentani the beard is seen more often (see fig. 163); the 

 older men of Sàgeisârâ wear, without exception, a beard, although part of the face may be 

 shaved. Thus I noticed at Kwatisoré how the cheeks were kept free and the beard was 

 allowed to grow almost exclusively under the margins of the lower jaw. The full beard is 

 indeed not at ail liked in Geelvink Bay; besides, in some parts it must be shaved off 

 on the occasion of the death of a relation (DE Clercq and SCHMELTZ [1893, 45]). The 

 moustache is seldom seen; only at Kwatisoré it was allowed to grow over the whole of 

 the upper lip, together with a small impérial exactly under the lower lip. The chief of Tobàdi 

 often allowed nothing else to grow on his face but the final ends of the moustache 

 above the corners of the mouth (see fig. 187), which curious habit I afterwards also 

 saw at Wari. 



In British N. G. (MACGREGOR [1897, 5 2 ]) and in K. w - Land the beard is not liked 

 very much either. In the neighbourhood of Astrolabe Bay the older men often allow the 

 beard to grow as a matter of convenience (HAGEN [1899, 169]); in the Berlin Harbour section, 

 according to PARKINSON [1900, 25] it is never met with, but the island of Tumleo must then 

 form an exception, where every young man must hâve a beard before he is allowed to think 

 of marriage (Erdweg [1902, 279]). The décoration of the beard with small pièces of clay, 

 shells, beads, pig's tusks, with vegetable fibres or other hair plaited in, as FlNSCH describes 

 and illustrâtes [1888, 292, 299, 302, 317; 1888 — 93, 231, PI. 6, fig. 17; PI. 9, fig. 3], was never. 

 reported of Netherlands N. G. nor ever noticed by me. 



The pulling out or shaving of the hairs of the eye brows is reported by HADDON 

 [1894, 246] of British N. G., by MACLAY [1873 a, 237] of his territory, by SciIELLONG 

 [1891, 160] of the people of Jabim and by FlNSCH [1888 — 93, 231] of other coast districts 

 of K. W. Land and it may therefore cause surprise that this custom has never been noticed 

 in Netherl. N. G. 



The removal of the hair can be done in three ways, namely by pulling out, by 

 cutting and by shaving. The first named method was already described above, the second, 

 under which therefore must be understood the cutting of the hair at an arbitrary length, 

 FlNSCH [1888 — 93, 228] has seen in K. W. Land, where a stone hatchet was used. 



For the shaving proper the following articles are hère used: obsidian (ScHELLONG 

 [1891, 160]), sharp-edged grass (Maclay [1873 s 234]), bamboo (Maclay, 1. c, Nachrichten 

 [1888, 225] and FlNSCH [1888 — 93, 227]), pièces of glass (HAGEN [1899, PI. 21]) and knives. 



The most interesting method, that with the bamboo, still applied at Asé but condemned 



