j6 G. A. T. VAN DER SANDE. 



nose peg ot shell material, kurùpa; at Nagramâdu it was called âgûgnôbe. Putting aside 

 the personal tress of hair, which is sometimes fastened to the septum (ROBIDÉ VAN DER Aa 

 [1879, 196], it then appears that the following articles are used in Netherl. North New 

 Guinea as nose ornaments: flowers, leaves, stalks, bolts of bamboo, bone and shell 

 material, fragments of shells in pairs and boar's tusks, tortoise shell and shell rings, beads 

 strung on small bits of string or on bolts as well as ail such other things as call 

 forth the admiration of the Papuans. Thus at Asé a great demand sprung up for the 

 glass tubes of photographie tablets (see PI. XXXVIII, fig. 1 and 2). The most highly 

 treasured and the most widely distributed are probably the small bolts of Tridacna 

 (N°. 297—302). 



The heaviest I collected weighs 27 gram, but they occasionally run up to 70 gram; 

 H. B., Sékâ and Oinàke are famous in this respect. The brass wire of N°. 302 (PI. XI, fig. 5) 

 of Kwâtisoré indicates foreign influence, probably of traders on this ancient custom ; also the 

 small boit with beads of Mapâr (N°. 303, PI. XI, fig. 4), probably obtained by barter from the 

 inhabitants of the coast, who use such nose ornaments (De CLERCQ and SCHMELTZ [1893, 22]) 

 and obtain the beads through foreign traders. Besides the unornamented bamboo rings and 

 the small bolts referred to above, the collection also contains a spécimen (N°. 307, PI. XII, 

 fig. 3) ornamented with very faint scratches of Wâri and a set (N°. 306, PI. XII, fig. 1) 

 with burnt-in ornament of Sëkâ, 2 cm. thick, and showing much similarity with an 

 object illustrated by FlNSCH [1888 a , PI. XX, fig. 4] who also mentions the great thickness 

 [1888, 338]. 



The name giorno" reminded me of an ornament of the ear; for ear I made the note: 

 l'ù ; MOOLENBURGH [1904, 187] however gives for ear: ré. 



The bone bodkins of Lake Sentâni (N°. 308 and 309, PI. XII, fig. 2) were used at 

 meals as implements for eating and also in the plaiting of arm bands in order to make 

 room at the desired spots for the fibre to be interwoven. Possibly also they serve for the 

 first piercing of the septum. 



N°. 310 and 311 (PI. XII, fig. 14) are compound objects made out of sea shell, already 

 known of H. B. through Van DER GOES [-1858, PI. A A] and since found in the districts of 

 Sëkâ (FlNSCH [1888 a, pi. XX, fig. 7]) and Tarfia (De Clercq and Schmeltz [1893, 24, 

 N°. 81, PL V, fig. 4] and which, according to the use now stated to be made of them at Nim- 

 bûran and Lake Sentâni, also find their way to the interior. Hère they are treasured partic- 

 ularly; the spécimen from Dôjo I could only buy from the proud wearer, for much steel. The 

 way in which it is worn, described by De CLERCQ, with the points forward, is certainly the 

 most customary and can be seen on the second man from the right in fig. 171 ; but on Lake 

 Sentâni the points are turned more upwards, thus lying against the bridge of the nose. The 

 présence of this nose ornament eastwards does not seem to extend beyond the 

 Netherl. German frontier. FlNSCH [188S — 93, 237] thinks that this ornament might be an 

 imitation of the one, composed of two boar's tusks. On Lake Sentâni the so-called imitation 

 is however very much more costly and rare than the original, of which I was able to obtain a 

 great many (N°. 312 — 321). This object (PI. XII, fig. 20) is originally a hunting trophy, and 

 therefore never found on women or children, as HAGEN [1899, 173] also positively states of 

 the breast ornament made out of circularly grown boar's tusks of the Bogadjim, in contrast 



