CLOTHING AND ORNAMENT. 79 



ments from new sources. New is a comparatively long, small cane boit (N°. 322, PL XII, fig. 6) 

 of Asé, nicely carved, in a manner as occurs on the arrow N°. 994 (fig. 150) and in accord- 

 ance with the ornament of some bamboo cylinders. The reel-shaped object of Seisârâ 

 (N°. 323, PI. XII, fig. 11) much resembles the spécimen which De CLERCQ and SCHMELTZ [1893, 28, 

 N°. 121, PL V, fig. 32] mention ofMôki, situated still more to the west. Bamboo ornaments which 

 are never worn in H. B. and on Lake Sentâni are still in use more to the west (N°. 324 — 329, 

 PL XII, fig. 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9) provided with scratched lines and bird or fish ornaments. They 

 served hère as ornaments and not only in order to lengthen the lobe of the ear, as De Clercq 

 (De CLERCQ and SCHMELTZ [1893, 28]) was told of Wandisiau. Even more than thèse objects of 

 a vegetable nature, animal products are turned into use; amongst them sometimes balls of 

 hairy cuscus skin, also worn by women in H. B.; more often only loose pièces which are 

 squeezed with one end into the hole of the lobe (N°. 330 — 332). 



Very abundant however is the use made in the whole of Papua Talandjang 

 of tortoise shell; but hère one never finds the ring obtained by boring, known in K. W. 

 Land (SCHELLONG [1888, 222]), but always the kind which consists of a small, narrow 

 strip bent round (N°. 333 — -335) and which is even traded away to the interior, also to 

 Lake Sentâni. 



A small ring hanging on to a bigger one was called in Tobâdi : entsji natu, literally 

 „tortoise child", probably on account of its small size, but I must allow the possibility 

 that such small rings, through their number, refer to the number of children of the wearer. 

 The collection contains ail sorts of ear ornaments which are suspended by thèse simple tor- 

 toise shell rings. I hâve always endeavoured to keep the whole ear ornament of one individual 

 separate, and it is thus possible to control what and how many one person wore. In the 

 interior, according to N°. 338, ornamental pièces made from sea shells are suspended by the 

 tortoise shell rings, sometimes traded away in a finished state, but the rough sea shells are 

 also obtained from the inhabitants of the coast and the people of the interior themselves 

 make their ornaments from them. Thus I saw in Asé a boy of 13 — 14 years old employed in 

 knocking and crumbling a Conus shell against a hard stone, to such an extent, that practi- 

 cally only the round bottom was left (N°. 360), of which, afterwards, he would grind off 

 with water on a flat stone the central projecting point, in order to obtain at this spot an 

 opening. Thèse opérations took place on the stage of a men's watch-house, but I fear, not 

 for the benefit of the young workman himself. By rubbing with small stones trans- 

 versely over the circumference of such a flat shell ring, a star is obtained, as on N°. 364 

 from the newly visited village of Mawes, the same as appears on the object of 

 Tanah Merah (N°. 365), an ornament very much in demand ; the number of points on it has 

 no meaning. 



Small glass rings as occur in N°. 339, are imported and are in fair demand in order 

 to be suspended from the earrings, also the mother of pearl shining rings from Trochus nilo- 

 ticus (N°. 340 — 342, 349, PL XII, fig. 13a, 13b). Small bamboo nose rings (see pag. 75) 

 (N°. 340, 345, 359, PL XI, fig. 1) are sometimes only suspended for the time being. Once 

 I saw Xassa tied on to the tortoise shell ring itself, namely in N°. 344 (PL XI, fig. 3), obtained 

 from the medicine man at Tobâdi. In Sëkâ (N°. 345 — 349, PL XII, fig. 13 b) small hollow 

 bone rings, according to the inhabitants, of cassowary bone, frequently occur on the tortoise 



