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G. A. J. VAN DER SA.NDE. 



open verandah, placed along one of the long sides, and under the same roof as the building 

 proper. It is not divided into apartments, and leads out on to the verandah by tvvo door openings, 

 in this respect deviating from ail the above mentioned dwellings, which always hâve two door 

 openings opposite each other. The other long, side wall has a window opening, whilst close 

 to each of the short sides a fire place occurs, similar to the two occurring in the verandah. 



The question présents itself whether the turtle-shaped roofs hâve a spécial meaning, 

 as it appears improbable that only technical reasons, like for instance the nature of the 

 material used: bamboo, split or unsplit, and palm leaves, hâve made this shape obligatory. 

 Besides, by the slight inclination of the roof, one is obliged to fasten numerous laths or thin 

 stems on the outside of the roof, in order to prevent the lifting of the palmleaves. 



In the eastern part of the north coast of Netherl. N. G. the pyramid shape of 

 houses is the rule, not like beehives and with a small diameter (10 feet or 12X7 feet), as 



Fig. So. Duelling at Angâdi: Lake Jamur. 



known from British N. G. (Macgregor [1897, 85], Morphy [1904, 327], Pratt [1906, 121, 

 215, 245], SELIGMANN [1906, 235]), but four sided, and, owing to each of the sides bulging 

 out, sometimes eight sided, fairly high, and even more distributed locally than the turtle-backed 

 house. Unmixed with other forms, I only met with it at Oinâke, where the temple and ail 

 the houses were of the same shape (fig. 83). Proceeding from hère towards the east, it appears 

 that in the village of Sera (BlRO [1900, PI. VII]) the pure pyramid shape is no longer to be 

 found; in référence to Tumleo, ±25 nautical miles more to the east, ERDWEG [1902, 356, 

 fig. 245], describes a straight-roofed house. 



Proceeding from Oinâke towards the west, the pyramid-shaped roof becomes constantly 

 more mixed with another shape of roof, characterised by a horizontal main beam. Thus, in 



