HUNTING AND FISHING. 165 



When making nets from the prepared string, which is also done hère by the men, 

 (according to DE CLERCQ and SCHMELTZ [1893, 100] the making of fishing nets is women's 

 work almost everywhere in Netherlands N. G.), they use wooden meshpins, fane ja, (N°. 585, 

 PI. XX, fig. 17; see KRAUSE [1904, PL 14, fig. 520]) upon which the loops are formed. Its 

 circumference détermines the width of the meshes, which is 3 cm. square for the large nets. 

 The stitch is the same (see ERDWEG [1902, 332, fig. 232]) as the one used in western Europe 

 (ScHUCHARDT [1902, 330, fig. 1] ), which Mac Farlane [1888, 97] also mentions about 

 British N. G.; his wife often surprised the natives by taking the netting out of their hands 

 and doing a little for them. The Tobâdi temple boys followed the same method, but they 

 work in the opposite way, perhaps forced to this by the other direction in which the twine 

 has been twisted ; this Mac FARLANE does not refer to. Also netting needles (N°\ 

 5S6 — 588, PI. XX, fig. 15) made of the same, dark brown sort of wood, tsoâne, are used in 

 making nets. They are very oblong, something like those KRAUSE [1904, PI. 14, fig. 512] 

 illustrâtes of the Easter Islands, but a little shorter and with longer points, resembling the 

 objects the Berlin Muséum possesses from unknown origin and from British N. G., in which 

 country also short, broad ones are used. N°. 9734 in the same Muséum, from K. W. Land, is 

 unornamented and described as "Filetnadel", "Webenadel". The three spécimens from Nether- 

 lands N. G., however, are covered with beautiful carvings in which the fish ornament of course 

 takes a great place. 



The dip nets used in H. B. are shaped like a bag, the edge of which is fastened to 

 an elliptically curved pièce of wood, in every détail resembling the "Hebnetz" which BlRO [1901, 

 68, fig. 32] describes of K. W. Land. Such a dip net lies on the boat in front of fig. 103 

 and is only just visible in the righthand lower corner of fig. 102, while one is hanging on 

 the pôle of the kârewari in figs. 187, 188 and 190. The width of the meshes corresponds to 

 the meshpin N°. 585. The edge of the net cannot be moved entirely to one side so as to 

 form a closed bag, as Kubary [1895, 135, PI. XXVIII, figs. 3 and 3a] found with the Pelau 

 people. Another curious variation of this net, constructed in two halves, closing like a spring- 

 purse, is used by the women of the isle of Seleo near Berlin Harbour (MEYER and PARKINSON 

 [1900, PI. 14]). A spider's web as a fishing net as PRATT [1906, 263, 266, 269] describes 

 and illustrâtes, provided with a handle, is unknown to me from Netherlands N. G. ! 



Among the collection of the expédition are three sorts of the fishing spears 

 (X 05 . 590 — 592), thrust or thrown at the fish from the boat. The two first are exceedingly 

 long (5,25 m. and 5 m.) and consist of a bamboo, ide, in which a bundle of smooth points 

 is inserted ; N°. 590, ch'itjai, has 6 of such points: a short one (71 cm.) within a circle of 

 5 longer ones (75 cm.) ; the thrusting of that weapon was called : w'ôrâte. The other one, 

 N°. 591, pérur, has 15 points, one central point around which an inner circle of short ones 

 (47 cm.), and an outer circle of 9 longer ones (52 cm.); the thrusting of those spears was 

 called Itjâte. FlNSCH [1888 — 93] and also KRAUSE [1904, 181] mentioned a maximum number 

 of 9 points for K. W. Land; ERDWEG [1904, 331, fig. 23 1 b ], however, has proved, that near 

 Berlin Harbour the spear points exceed this number, and he adds that those spears are only 

 used for fishing by night. KRAUSE [Le 171] also mentions this, but I must lay stress upon 

 the fact, that this is not the case in H. B. The shorter spear, N°. 592, was called uruai; it 

 has only one point, kïtai-bu, but this measures more than one m. and the shaft is made of 



