ANTHROPOLOGY. 337 



points, in each of which the lower edge becomes the upper edge. and vice-versa. PRUNER- 

 Bey [1. c, 80, note] writes of the Negro hair that "the flattening is seen in the direction 

 of the scroll", which apparently means a similar condition. 



The colour of the hair is usually a dull black, as is also stated by M.ACLAY [1873a, 233]. 

 Towards the free end, as also observed by VlRCHOW [1889, 161], it is generally lighter than 

 at the base; DENIK.ER [19OO, 494] only reports this peculiarity in the case of children. With 

 the women of Lake Sentâni who often dive (see pp. 139 and 166) and daily row over great 

 distances in boats, unprotected against the rays of the sun, the tips of the tresses had 

 become a yellowish red. A somewhat lighter hair-colour with women, as observed among 

 European races (DEXIKER [1900, 51]), could be noticed on Lake Sentâni, those of Humboldt 

 Bay often using pigments. I could state that in early youth the colour is also lighter; the 

 same as reported by RlEDEL [1884, 428] and by De CLERCQ and SCHMELTZ [1893, PL XLI, 

 fig. 5] and observed by MARTIN [1894, 119] with the "crisp-haired" people of Ceram. With 

 older people it also becomes lighter, but Hox-coloured'' hair (HAGEN [1906, PI. 44]), or hair 

 naturally red over its entire length, as seen by FlNSCH on Normanby Island, I never came 

 across, only at Kwatisoré I saw a young man with strikingly light brown hair, who had also 

 very light irides and skin. Such naturally fair hair is very common on New Mecklenburg 

 (HaGEN [1899, 168]). In contradiction of BlRO [1899, 3], who emphatically states ail the hair 

 of one and the same individual is of a uniform colour, I found différences even between the 

 hairs of one and the same spiral tress. Even before it is getting grey, the hair of the 

 head begins to fall out, especially with those people who use red clay (see also Van DER 

 GOES [1S58, 169]). Generally baldness begins (see PI. XXXIX, fig. 4) at the upper corners 

 of the forehead (as found by STEVENS [1897, 178] amongst the population of the Malay 

 peninsula) and advances from there towards the crown, a small island of hair being thus 

 often preserved in the middle above the forehead (see fig. 214). I hâve not noticed any 

 baldness amongst women. That the eye brows, which are never shaved hère (see p. 60) and 

 rarely or never unité over the root of the nose, also show "Kràuselung" (HAGEN [1906, 38]) 

 I did not notice. The eye lashes, generally large (see also MaCLAY [1. c, 237]), call 

 for no remark. 



The hairs of the beard are not finer than those of the scalp and moreover in 

 K. W. Land (MaCLAY [1873a, 237], PARKINSON [1900, 25]) apart from the pulling out (see 

 p. 59; also Lawes [1880, 607]) are reported luxurious, or moderate (SCHELLONG [1891, 158]), 

 the latter being also the case in Papua Tâlandjang. The growth starts later than with Euro- 

 peans, at first at the chin (see PL XXXVIII, fig. 4) and upper lip ; later on the greatest 

 development is along the lower edges of the lower jaw and below the chin (see PL XXXIX — 

 XLI). The spiral growth produces the "peppercorn", of a diameter similar to the tresses of 

 the head; MaCLAY [Le, 237] stated that it was wider. When the hair grows longer, tufts can 

 be recognised, thèse were however too much entangled to show the présence of turning- 

 points. The hair of the beard grows grey before that of the head. 



The hair on the privy parts is not noticeably thinner than that of the head and 



generally appears sooner with the girls than with the boys. LANGEN (VlRCHOW [1889, 162]) 



saw it fully developed with a girl of 11 years ; the boy Kiram (PL XLVI, figs. 3 and 4), 



t 12 years old, was still without, whilst Méngôbi, N°. 42, zfc 14 years of âge, was fairly well 



Nova Guinea. III. Anthropology. 43 



