338 G. A. J. VAN DER SANDE. 



provided with it. Of adult men I put down "abundant" as often as "moderate", occasionally 

 also "scanty" ; with women on an average it is less. It forms spirals (see also VlRCHOW [1. c, 128]), 

 which, however, are generally disturbed. Often, even when the rest of the body remains free, 

 a growth of hair on the thighs and the lower belly joins the hair of the genitals, most 

 extensively in the linea alba, often reaching the epigastric région ; a similar line then exists in 

 the back (see also MACLAY [1873", 238]). With more hairy individuals, who, also according to 

 Van der Goes [1858, 171], Beccari [1876,369] and Macgregor [1897, 29], are uncommon, 

 hair is seen on chest (see also BECCARI Le, D'ALBERTIS [1880, II, 188], De Clercq [1889^, 

 1669]) and nates. Only on two occasions (N"K 3 and 40, PL XXXII and XLVI resp.) I 

 saw the trunk, also the shoulders, and the limbs with the exception of the inside of the 

 upper arms, but including the back of the hands (see MACLAY 1. c), entirely covered with 

 small peppercorn-like ringlets (see also MOSELEY [1877, 385]), called "woolly" by D'ALBERTIS 

 [1. c, I, 305]. The hair of the armpits is moderately developed and when drying, (VlRCHOW 

 [1889, 127]) curls. An entire absence of hair on the body as found with people at the mouth 

 of the Fly River (HADDON [1894, 69]) is often the conséquence of tinea imbricata, between 

 the patches of which sometimes lanugo-like hair is found. A différence of hirsuteness between 

 the coast and the inland population lias not been noticed by me. 



The microscopical study of the hair showed the well known (Pruner-Bey 

 [1877, 80]) elliptical, oval or reniform section. The bulbus is strongly coloured, oval, often 

 provided with irregular excrescenses and its axis often curved irregularly, in one préparation 

 bent almost at right angles as met with in the Negro (UNNA [1896]). In a few cases the 

 hair just above the bulbus proved to be thinner than higher up, whilst towards the end, 

 especially with short hairs as those of the armpits, it becomes considerably thinner. The clear 

 cuticula showing the imbricate arrangement and the undulating boundaries of its cells, is 

 narrowest in the short curves, where with an enlargement of 220 it can sometimes hardly 

 be noticed, thickest in the middle of the long sides, not infrequently straightening the concave 

 curve of a reniform cortex. Towards the point the cuticula retains, with the diminution of 

 the total diameter of the hair, the same thickness for a long distance, decreasing rapidly 

 after this and disappearing entirely at the point. The cortex, which at the thickest part of 

 the darkest hairs, with an enlargement of 220, is almost non-transparent (see also BlRO [1899, 3]), 

 has in the thinner and lighter hairs, with transmitted light, a reddish brown colour, against which 

 the dark medulla, if présent, shows up strongly. The cortex contains no pigment in a dissolved 

 state, but only in the shape of grains, joined into small longitudinal clouds, thickest towards 

 the circumference, closest together against the cuticula (as reported by Martin [1905, 311] 

 of the inland tribes of the Malay peninsula) thinner and more spread out towards the centre, 

 which is often quite blank. Towards the point the pigment is lighter. The medulla is often 

 wanting even in thick hairs ; still it occurs first in the thickest parts of the single hair, some- 

 times as a continuous, though generally as an interrupted, dark column to the thickness of 

 i/ s — 1/ 4 f the diameter of the hair (with Negrito hair 1 l — l l 5 ; PlNCUS [1873, 155]), invariably 

 disappearing towards the thinner end. The colour of cortex and medulla show no fixed pro- 

 portion ; dark hairs may lack a medulla, and hairs of a light yellowish pink may hâve very 

 dark medulla cells. A few of the hairs examined show along the edges loose split ramifications, 

 diverging towards the top. 



