26 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey, 

 south of aeeoways creek. 



Distribution. — The first of the sections extends from the Dela- 

 ware opposite Salem, through Burden Hill and Shiloh to Cohan- 

 sey Creek and beyond. This section (Fig. n) 1 shows the 

 Bridgeton formation capping all the level lands along this line 

 above the elevation of 1 10-120 feet. At a lower level to the 

 west, mostly below 60 feet along the line of the section, is a sec- 

 ond formation, the Pensauken, from which the Bridgeton is here 

 thoroughly distinct topographically, though the two are much 

 alike in composition. This section is fairly typical of the south- 

 western part of the State. 



The most westerly remnant of the Bridgeton formation is 

 about 6 miles east-southeast of Salem, and about 2 miles south- 

 east of Quinton, at Burden Hill. The summit of the hill has an 

 elevation of about 130 feet, and the base of the formation is 20 

 or 30 feet lower. The gravel and sand, principally the latter, 

 are arkose. 



East of Burden Hill the formation covers the higher hills and 

 uplands forming the broad divide between Cohansey Creek on 

 the east and Stow Creek and Alloways Creek on the west. The 

 general relations of the formation, topographically and strati- 

 graphically, are shown in Fig. 11, which makes it clear that the 

 formation antedated the development of the lowland along the 

 Delaware. 



Unevenness of base. — From Burden Hill southeast to Bridge- 

 ton, the base of the formation declines from about no or 120 

 feet, to about 80 feet, or about 30 feet in 10 miles; but since 

 the base of the Bridgeton is uneven, it can hardly be assumed 

 that this is its average dip to the southeast. The formation, 

 indeed, does not have so regular a dip as the older formations 

 on which it rests. Its base declines slightly toward Cohansey 

 Creek from both sides, suggesting that there was a valley in 

 pre-Bridgeton time near the site of this stream. This and many 

 other harmonious facts indicate that the formation rests on an 

 erosion surface of slight relief. 



^igs. ii, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24 25, 26, 27 are on Plate A, facing p. 40. 



