48 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey, 

 berein to ateantic city. 



Distribution. — Fig. 30 shows the relations from Berlin south- 

 east to Atlantic City. The section is extended northwest of 

 Berlin, and takes in Houghton's Hill, which is somewhat out of 

 line. The line of the section is along the divide between Mul- 

 lica River and Great Egg Harbor River, where remnants, of 

 Bridgeton are considerable. The formation has been removed 

 from the basins of these streams, except on the crests of isolated 

 hills ; but the remnants are so disposed as to leave no doubt 

 that they are parts of a once continuous formation (p. 64). 



About Hammonton, the base of the formation has an eleva- 

 tion of about no feet, but as everywhere else, it declines to the 

 southeast. At Elwood its base is down nearly to 80 feet, and 

 at Egg Harbor City nearly 20 feet lower. Between Hammon- 

 ton and Egg Harbor City, it is found on divides only, and covers 

 a relatively small part of the total area. It is well developed 

 about Hammonton, especially to the south, in a small area at 

 Banard Station, and on the more conspicuous elevations east of 

 Da Costa, and over much of the area between Elwood and the 

 western border of Egg Harbor City. Small areas occur 3 or 

 4 miles northeast of Elwood. Another small area to be men- 

 tioned is that southwest of Folsom, at an elevation of about 90 

 feet. In much of this area the formation is thin, and represents 

 the base of the formation only. 



Constitution. — Lithologically the formation is a unit from 

 Berlin to Pleasantville, though not without variations. The 

 coarse arkose sand, the bits of Triassic shale and crystalline rock, 

 and the structure remain much the same throughout; but the 

 distinctive red shale and the bits of crystalline rock become less 

 abundant to the southeast. They become so scarce, indeed, that 

 they do not appear in every exposure, especially if the base of 

 the formation is not seen. It is to be remembered that bits of 

 shale and crystalline rock are rare at some points well to the 

 west, as at Williamstown Junction and Blue Anchor. In gen- 

 eral, too, the Bridgeton material becomes finer to the southeast. 



