io2 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



field (Fig. 45, p. 136). This accumulation on the lower plain 

 necessitated deposition on the upper (Woodstown) plain along 

 the courses of the streams which crossed it. 



The height of the Pensauken in the tributaries was influenced 

 by its height in the main valley, and the tributary streams fol- 

 lowed consequent courses over the newly deposited Pensauken 

 of the main valley. The fact that the streams from the higher 

 plains left them by pre-Pensauken courses shows that the Swedes- 

 boro plain was not built up to the Woodstown plain level. 



Below Wenonah, patches of gravel occur up to 85-97 feet, 

 which may be interpreted as local accumulations in Pensauken 

 time or before. Other similar patches occur south of Mantua 

 and west of Barnsboro. At Sewell heavy beds of gravel run 

 down to 20 feet, showing! a pre-Pensauken valley to this level, if 

 this gravel is Pensauken, as interpreted. This is regarded as a 

 deposit made by Chestnut Branch, which has shifted to the left 

 since, leaving its old channel a ridge. The same thing is repeated 

 north of Mantua Creek, and between it and Monongahela Creek. 

 Here the divide : s well over toward Monongahela Creek, with 

 a steep slope toward that stream and a gentler, gravel-covered 

 slope in the opposite direction. South of Hurffville, along 

 Bethel Run, there are benches of gravel at 70 to 80' feet, but their 

 age is not determinable. In this vicinity the distinctions between 

 the Cape May and Pensauken formations are slight, both as to 

 position and constitution. 



Along Timber Creek, the phenomena of Mantua Creek are, 

 in principle, duplicated. The Pensauken deposits i]/ 2 miles 

 south of Giews Landing are equivalent to those at Sewell, and 

 the gravel is locally cemented. Similar phenomena are repeated 

 between Greenloch and Blackwood, and again on the south side 

 of the South Branch of Timber Creek, northwest of Turners- 

 ville. As at Hurffville, the Pensauken and the Cape May for- 

 mations are here hard to separate, for the two overlap in eleva- 

 tion. Below Greenloch, the distinction between the two is not 

 difficult. 



Besides the larger patches along the streams, small hill-top 

 patches occur. The Pensauken gravel of these patches is very 



