108 Quaternary Formations op Southern New Jersey. 



The larger remnants of arkose Pensauken occurring at the 

 surface in this area lie at and northeast of Rancoeas (70 to 90 

 feet), on the divide between Mill Creek and Assiscunk Creek 

 (60 to 109 feet), in an area about Deacons, on the divide a mile 

 or so northwest of Jacksonville (70 to 103 feet), on the divide 

 east of Bustleton (70 to 109 feet, and east of .Bordentown 

 (80 to 120 feet). Smaller areas occur east of Kinkora (above 

 80 feet), at Mansfield (above 80 feet), a mile east of Fields- 

 borough (above 8o> feet), and a mile southeast of Crosswicks 

 (above 90 feet). In most of these places the formation caps 

 low divides, its base having an elevation of 70 to 80 feet; but 

 in two places it is known to run down much lower. One is at 

 Rancoeas Creek, south of Rancoeas, where its base is as low 

 as 20 feet locally; the other is southwest of Beverly, where it has 

 been seen in excavations beneath the Cape May formation, where 

 its top has an altitude of 20 feet, and its base probably about 

 10 feet. Normal Pensauken occurs here, with pebbles of decom- 

 posed crystalline rock, red shale, trap, etc. One bowlder of trap 

 3 feet in diameter was seen. The matrix is arkose sand. The low 

 altitude of the remnant here is consistent with the position of the 

 base of the Pensauken at Rancoeas and Fish House. 



At and near Rancoeas, the eastern edge of the Pensauken area 

 appears to lie against the old scarp above the Swedesboro 

 Plain. The material of the formation here is finer than the 

 average, and contains less foreign (northern) material. 



Coarser phases of the formation are seen north and northwest 

 of Deacons, in pits where the depth of the Pensauken material 

 is 6 to 10 feet, — probably the lower part only of the formation 

 as originally developed. Its later, upper, and generally finer phase 

 has been removed. 



In the area about Deacons Station (Fig. 48), the formation 

 occupies the divide between Assiscunk and Mill creeks. The 

 higher points in this area are to the east, and reach an altitude 

 of 106 to 108 feet. The materials are largely of local (from the 

 east) gravel, including ironstone, quartz, and chert. Ironstone 

 in large pieces is most common at the base of the formation, along 

 with the northern arkose material, and the red shale, which goes 



