144 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



areas west and southwest of Wickatunk repeat these phenomena, 

 with variations. What appears to be wind-blown sand, in many 

 places glauconitic, covers the gravel in places. Correlations are 

 uncertain. 



A few areas of gravel at higher levels (190 to 200 feet) about 

 Wickatunk, Knapp regards as perhaps Bridgeton, but the reasons 

 for separating them from the Pensauken do not seem to be 

 altogether convincing. 



Disregarding some doubtful areas, there is a decline in the 

 Pensauken surface from 170 feet 3 miles west of Wickatunk, 

 to 120 feet near Englishtown, a decline in the direction of present 

 drainage. The base of the gravels is marked by numerous ir- 

 regularities of a trifling sort. 



The character of these gravels indicates their local origin, but 

 it varies much from point to point, quartz and ironstone alter- 

 nating with each other as chief constituents. In general, the 

 gravels at the lower levels are the better stratified. 



Green surface loam abounds about the headwaters of Matcha- 

 ponix Brook, from Freehold to Wickatunk. It is so persistent 

 that some general explanation seems called for. In depth, it 

 ranges from 5 feet to 20 feet, and its constitution suggests the 

 Red Bank formation as its source. Its distribution is consistent 

 with an eolian rather than a fluviatile origin. 



Between Pine Brook and Barckleys Brook there is a series of 

 gravel capped hills, declining from near 200 feet at the north- 

 east (Robertsville) to 120 feet or so near Mounts Mills. In 

 composition, the gravel ranges from quartz 2 : ironstone 1, to 

 ironstone 3 : quartz 1. The gravel is, in part, well stratified, 

 is mostly rather fine, and is most plentiful below the top of the 

 formation. 



The divide west of Wickatunk, extending to Robertsville and 

 thence northwest between Deep Run and Barckleys Brook, sepa- 

 rates two sets of gravel deposits, the one about Englishtown and 

 northeast, and the other about Browntown and Matawan. The 

 southern of these two regions includes the headwaters of Matcha- 

 ponix Brook. In pre-Pensauken time this area seems to have 

 had a surface sloping from the northeast, east, and southeast, 



