I 5 2 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



A mile northwest of New Monmouth are two other isolated 

 hills having heights of 83 feet and 75 feet, with gravel caps 

 similar to those farther west. These hilltop beds seem, from 

 their topographic position, to be distinctly older than the gravels 

 along Waycake Creek. 



All those gravels regarded by Knapp as "Walnford" appear to 

 have accumulated at the base of the marl highlands which extend 

 from Morganville to Middletown. At the south the gravels start 

 at 100 to 140 feet, and run down to 80 or less to ; the north. 

 Many of them appear to be fan accumulations. The isolated 

 hilltop gravels, while fairly harmonious in altitude, seem topo- 

 graphically distinct from the larger areas of gravel nearer the 

 streams, and older. The disposition of the younger gravels 

 suggests that the region was lower than now when they accu- 

 mulated, else they would have gone down stream farther. If 

 the}' did go down farther, their lower parts were destroyed later, 

 or buried by the Cape May formation. 



The Cape May terrace at 40+ feet at Atlantic Highlands, Cliff- 

 wood, and at other points to the northwest of Cliffwood, indicate 

 a stand of land lower than the present. With this lower stand, 

 there would have been deposition up stream. Are the "Waln- 

 ford'' deposits just referred to equivalents of the Cape May 

 terraces about the coast? Their position might make this seem 

 plausible, but their topography, and the erosion they have suffered, 

 indicate their greater age. 



In the Navesink Highlands, Cohansey sand is present, and 

 possibly Beacon Hill gravel. The base of the Cohansey sand has 

 an altitude of about 180 feet. Between 180 feet and 50 feet the 

 Cretaceous has little cover, except for wash and talus. 



THE PENSAUKEN FORMATION ON THE ATLANTIC SEOPE. 



In the basin of Swiwimiing River. — The basin of Swimming 

 River is surrounded by high lands, which rise above the level of 

 Pensauken deposits on all sides but the east; but within the 

 basin there are, at levels somewhat below the surrounding divides, 

 various hills capped with gravels which are too high for the Cape 



