158 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



constitution should be the presence in the younger formation of 

 bits of conglomerate and sandstone from the former, showing 

 cementation of the older formation before the deposition of the 

 younger. But cementation of the older formations here is not 

 prevalent, and the absence of good exposures in most of the 

 region does not favor the application of what seems to be, 

 theoretically, a good criterion. 



During the interval of erosion which followed the deposition 

 of the Bridgeton beds, degradation followed the same general 

 course as before. The extent of the erosion at this time has not 

 been determined, and is not readily determinable. It may be that 

 a large part of the ill-defined Bridgeton of this region was re- 

 moved at this time. 



Then followed the epoch of Pensauken deposition, when the 

 deposits made in the valleys were the same in kind as those of 

 the Bridgeton epoch. In case the post-Bridgeton streams had not 

 cut through the Bridgeton deposits, the Pensauken deposits 

 would hardly be distinguishable from the older sediments, unless 

 on topographic grounds, and these grounds are wanting. It is 

 not known how high the land stood relative to sea level in either 

 epoch. No shore lines are to be found, and no fossils are avail- 

 able. 



Furthermore much of the region is but sparsely populated, and 

 much of it is in timber. Exposures and sections are therefore 

 few, and over great areas, altogether wanting, and there is only 

 the surface sand and gravel on which to base judgment. Topo- 

 graphic features are feebly developed, and topography therefore 

 helps little except at low levels. 



Gravels which are either Bridgeton or Pensauken or both, can 

 be located at many points, but a complete list of such places 

 would not be very instructive. Some of the larger or more 

 significant are mentioned below: (1) East of Toms River 

 (stream) between the cities of Lake wood and Toms River, at 

 elevations of 150 feet at the north to 30 at the south, (2) on 

 the divide in direct line between Toms River (city) and Lake- 

 hurst, from 100 to 40 feet, (3) about Barnegat Park, from 

 70 to 40 feet, (4) at Whitings at many points on uplands south 



