180 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



Cape May terraces, though its character changes from place to 

 place. Where the loam is thick, its surface is somewhat undu- 

 latory, with undrained depressions 2 to 6 feet deep. Even at 

 high levels (180 to 200 feet) there is glauconitic loam at the 

 surface, in places where it is not residuary, as on Miocene sand. 

 This loam is well developed in the vicinity of Sykesville, and at 

 some points on the divide between Sykesville and Springfield. 

 The greensand constitutes 20 per cent, of the loam locally, 

 though commonly much less. The eolian origin of this loam 

 seems plausible. 



Cape May deposits are developed along the small creek be- 

 tween Blacks Creek • and Columbus Creek, but they possess no 

 exceptional features. 



Columbus Creek. — Cape May deposits extend up this valley 

 nearly to Columbus, in a belt nearly a mile wide most of the way. 

 Their surface rises from about 40< feet at the Delaware to about 

 70 feet at Columbus. Back from the Delaware the deposits are 

 mostly on the right side of the valley. They are disposed in 

 fairly distinct terraces with poorly defined upland borders, and 

 with surfaces somewhat affected by eolian sand and loam. The 

 depth of material is slight. 



In Columbus there is glauconitic sand at the surface, and the 

 same sort of material spreads to the south. Half a mile or so 

 east of the village there is another body of similar sand mantling 

 the divide south of the creek. These sands are comparable to 

 those of south of Blacks Creek, and south of Rancocas Creek 

 east of Mt. Holly. 



Assisatnk Creek. — Cape May deposits are much more exten- 

 sive in this valley than in the valleys of Blacks and Columbus 

 creeks. The lower part of the valley, cut in the Raritan forma- 

 tion, is wide, while along the outcrops of certain overlying Cre- 

 taceous beds it is relatively narrow, as in the vicinity of Jackson- 

 ville. It widens again above Jacksonville, where its upper tribu- 

 taries flow through broad flat tracts. 



The general phenomena of this valley up to Jacksonville are 

 like those of the valleys above. There are terraces, especially 

 on the right banks, rising up stream. Their upland edges are 



