Caps May Formation — Local Details. . 18 



6 



The development of this broad lowland in the upper part of 

 the basin was accomplished before the Cape May epoch, and is 

 represented in the vicinity of Pemberton, Vincentown, Lumber- 

 ton, Medford, and Taunton. Through this lowland, the upper 

 waters of the South Branch of the Rancocas had their courses 

 in shallow valleys in the Cape May epoch. During- this epoch, 

 these several valleys were partly filled with sands and gravels 

 brought down by their streams. 



Between 2 and 3 miles from the Delaware, the Cape May 

 formation is seen in excavations. It appears to represent ma- 

 terial worked over from the Pensauken and older formations, 

 and contains coarse materials, up to the size of bowlders. It 

 is not disposed in well-defined terraces. A mile and a half west 

 of Rancocas villag'e there is a distinct terrace at an elevation 

 of about 25 feet, with coarse material (gravel and sand) above, 

 and finer (glauconitic sand) below. Heavy brown loam, like 

 that at Pemberton, appears up to elevations of about 30 feet, 

 especially on the left bank of the stream. 



In the vicinity of Hainesport, distinct Cape May sand and 

 gravel occur at elevations of 40 feet or so, but the stream de- 

 posits are more or less covered by eolian sand. Between the 

 eolian sand and the river sand and gravel, there is some loam, 

 used as moulding sand. Just north of Timbuctoo, brick yards 

 use a heavy surface clay, 2 to 6 feet deep, which overlies Cape 

 May sand and gravel. The clay has an elevation of 30 to 40 

 feet. It corresponds to the Kinkora loam and the Edgewater 

 clay, and overlies the gravel and sand of the Cape May forma- 

 tion in this region. 



Glauconitic loam of uncertain origin and age overlies the di- 

 vide at 70 feet, north of Timbuctoo. It overlies glauconitic sand 

 which is well stratified, and carries a bit of gravel. In the 

 vicinity of Mount Holly, the Cape May formation appears as a 

 distinct terrace on the left bank of the stream, made up (as one- 

 fourth of a mile southwest of depot) of 20 feet or so of strati- 

 fied gravel and sand. Little distinctive Cape May material is 

 found in the north branch of the valley above Smithville, and 

 little in the south branch above Vincentown, though there are 



