194 Quaternary Formations of Southern New Jersey. 



A quarter of a mile below the mouth of the South Branch of 

 Raccoon Creek there is a distinct terrace at 50* feet, but only 

 the uppermost 10 feet or so of its material is younger than the 

 Cretaceous. A mile below Mullica Hill there is a conspicuous 

 bench at 60 feet, with 10 feet of gravel and sand over the Cre- 

 taceous. 



Farther up the creek and its tributaries, the phenomena of 

 their lower courses are continued at higher levels. In general, 

 the deposits are not so high above the streams in their upper 

 courses, but their elevation above sea level is greater. As in 

 most of the other valleys, the Cape May deposits are mostly on 

 the right banks of the streams. 



The Salem Plain. — Below Camden, the Delaware plain has not 

 a heavy covering of the Cape May formation. In general it is 

 thinner above Raccoon Creek than below. Above, it ranges 

 from o to 20 feet, though rarely more than 10 feet. The Cre- 

 taceous appears at the surface in many places; but below Rac- 

 coon Creek, and especially below Oldmans Creek, the Cape May 

 gravel, sand, and loam, form a nearly continuous cover. This 

 cover transforms the plain into gpod farming land, as in the 

 vicinity of Salem. 



Oldmans Creek. — In the valley of this creek, the formation 

 here under consideration rises from: an elevation of about 30 feet 

 where the valley joins the Delaware lowland, to 90 feet or so- at 

 Avis Mills. In keeping with the g'eneral configuration of the 

 valley, it appears mostly on the north side of the stream, It 

 constitutes terraces in some places, but more commonly it caps 

 benches of Cretaceous strata, shaping them up into terrace form, 

 by building up their streamward edges. 



Where the valley joins the Delaware lowland, there is a 20- 

 foot terrace of gravel and sand on the left bank of the stream, 

 affected by more or less eolian sand. At x\uburn there is a bench 

 on the north side of the stream, at 35 feet, and the formation 

 goes down to within about 10 feet of tide level, and has a bed of 

 clayey matter near its base. At Harrisonville Station, 7 feet of 

 stratified gravel and sand are referred to this formation. On 

 the left bank of the stream at this point 4 feet of greenish marly 



