Jag gar, Jr. — Outbreak of Mauna Zoa, Hawaii, 191J+. 169 



columns rose in rapid succession beside it and next south of it, 

 occupy in g apparently an arc of the mountain top, about equal 

 to the diameter of the main Mokuaweoweo basin. There was 

 no noise and no earthquake. 



When darkness came the fume columns were brilliantly 

 lighted from below, and then there was some good seeing from 

 the observatory on Kilauea. The slender vapor stems over 

 Mauna Loa reflected bright yellow light from what must have 

 been immense fountains of lava below, and they made collec- 

 tively a wide trunk for a spreading mushroom of vapor above. 

 The night was moonlit, and a photograph was made by the 



writer from the gravel flats east of Kilauea, near Keanakakoi 

 crater, looking westward across Halemaumau at Mauna Loa. 

 This was made with Zeiss Tessar F 6.3, Wratten Panchromatic 

 plate, exposed twenty-five minutes during the hour following 

 midnight. It shows the Kilauea fume cloud below on the 

 right, blown toward the left with the trade-wind. Right over 

 it is the great " pino " or pine-tree of smoke rising above 

 Mauna Loa, and the profile of both domes are shown in the vol- 

 canic glare. The Mauna Loa column, twenty-two miles away, 

 rises in still air from its high base (13,675 feet, 4168 meters) 

 and spreads above into a diffuse table of fume. In the sky on 

 the left is a glare made by the track of the moon. Kilauea 

 was very active and made a bright reddish glow on its fume 

 cloud, but the Mauna Loa column appeared almost silvery in 



Am. Jour. Sci.— Fourth Series, Vol. XXXIX, No. 230.— February, 1915. 

 12 



