in Florida in Association with Extinct Vertebrates. 5 



The material next following the marl, number 2 of the sec- 

 tion, includes cross-bedded river-wash sand, partially decayed 

 wood and muck, sand stained brown by organic matter, and at 

 places fresh-water marl rock. The distinctly cross-bedded sands 

 of this stratum are found near the base, and it is here chiefly 

 that the decayed wood and muck occur lying in stream chan- 

 nels in the shell marl. The brown sand contains in places 

 many fresh-water shells, and at the top grades into the fresh- 

 water marl which in places reaches a thickness of as much as 

 two feet. Vertebrates and fresh-water invertebrate fossils 

 occur throughout this bed f-rom the cross-bedded sands at the 

 base to the marl rock at the top. It is from this bed also that 

 the first human fossils found at Vero were taken. 



Resting upon this sand and marl bed and in places cutting 

 into it is an alluvial deposit consisting chiefly of vegetable 

 material intermixed with sand, grading at the top in places, 

 as is true also of the bed beneath, into a fresh-water marl. 

 The average aggrading of the stream valley by this alluvial 

 material amounts to about two feet, although locally where the 

 stream cut deeply into the underlying bed this deposit reaches 

 a maximum thickness of five or six feet. This alluvial deposit 

 contains vertebrate and plant fossils and in the fresh-water 

 marl occasional invertebrates. Human fossils are found in this 

 deposit also, their place in the section being indicated in 

 text-figures 1 and 2. 



The Human Remains. 



Fossil human bones from two skeletons have been obtained 

 at Vero. Of the two individuals represented one is from the 

 older deposits of the stream valley, number 2 of the section 

 shown in text-figure 2, while the other is from the base of the 

 next overlying bed, number 3 of the section. 



Human Remains from tlie Older Stream Deposits. 



In October, 1915, Mr. Ayers, while examining the stratum 

 which contains the vertebrate fossils, found some bones in place 

 which seemed probably to belong to a human skeleton. In 

 order to verify the place of the bones in the section he then 

 called Mr. Weills, and together they removed the bones. The 

 parts of this skeleton obtained include the right and left femur, 

 lacking the extremities ; right patella ; left tibia and frag- 

 ments of the right ; right fibula ; right calcaneum, right and 

 left astragalus ; left navicular; external cuneiform of the right 



