in Florida in Association with Extinct Vertebrates. 13 



at that time. Again in April, 1916, Mr. Ayers found the dis- 

 tal end of a humerus, which, although not in place, had 

 recently fallen from the bank. The discovery of this bone led 

 to the location of the second human skeleton to which belongs 

 also the ulna found three months earlier. 



At the place where these bones were found, the stream had 

 cut into the earlier river deposits, making a narrow channel with 

 abrupt slopes at the sides. At the center this channel cuts 

 through to the shell marl and the first foot or more of deposits 

 in the channel includes coarse sand mixed with broken shell 

 from the marl beneath. This is followed by alternating layers 

 of muck and sand. A soft fresh-water marl, which in places 

 reaches a maximum thickness of two feet, is found at the top 

 of the section. 



This second human fossil was taken from the bank by 

 Weills, Avers and Sellards. In addition to the ulna and 

 humerus, there were obtained from cavings from the bank a 

 part of a sphenoid bone, scapula, and a left first upper incisor ; 

 and in place in the bank the left ulna, a femur, radius, base 

 of a jaw, parts of the skull and two metatarsals. Subsequently 

 a toe bone was found on the opposite side of the canal in the 

 same bed and at the same level. The first bone found in place 

 was the left ulna, of which the proximal part only was present, 

 although the distal part lacking the extremities was later 

 obtained a few inches farther back in the bank. The bone next 



Fig. 8. The right ulna lacking the distal one-fourth; exterior view, 

 very slightly reduced. Actual length of specimen as preserved 20 em. 

 Fla. Surv. coll. Xo. 5895. On the exterior side of the bone at the union 

 of the olecranon process with the shaft is a deep pit or excavation through 

 which a nutrient canal enters the bone. Just posterior to this pit may be 

 seen a pronounced line or ridge which passes from the posterior margin 

 obliquely outward and becomes confluent with the outer margin of the 

 greater sigmoid cavity at the base of the olecranon process. The angle 

 which separates the superior from the posterior side of the olecranon process 

 is gently rounded, not being as pronounced as in most modern skeletons. 

 Although not taken in place this ulna was subsequently found to belong 

 with the skeleton from bed no. 3 of the section, as it agrees in all details 

 with the left ulna found at that place. 



Fig. 9. Same bone, anterior view. 



Fig. 10. Right ulna of a large wolf, Cards sp.. included to illustrate 

 the identity of preservation of the human and other Pleistocene fossils 

 from this deposit. Seven-tenths natural size. Fla. Surv. coll. Xo. 5451. 

 The canid found in this deposit, no. 2 of the section, is of the size of Canis 

 'lints and the limb bones, when isolated, are scarcely to be distinguished 

 from those of that species. The skull, however, is longer and more narrow, 

 the snout in particular being narrow. The teeth likewise are not crowded 

 in the jaw as are those of 0. dints. The canid obtained from bed no. 3 

 of the section, referred to in the text, represents a smaller and more 

 stocky species. 



