LAWEENCE COUNTY. 39 



through the lower bed of shale No. of the above section, having an 

 east and west direction. This would seem to indicate that the undula- 

 tion in the strata here might be due to some disturbing force acting 

 from below. The calcareous shale No. 2 of this section contains the 

 same group of fossils found at Lawrenceville. The limestone contains 

 Xaticojms ventricosus, Nautilus sp t Terebratula bovidens, Spirifer piano- 

 convexus., Rhynchonella Osagensis, Athyris subtilita, Clinopistha radiata, 

 Solenomya radiata, with several undetermined species of small univalve 

 shells. This is a very marked horizon in the upper Coal Measures, and 

 the outcrops extend along the valley of the Wabash from below Gray- 

 ville, in White county, to the central or northern part of Crawford 

 county. The black laminated shale above the limestone contains local 

 concretions of black limestone, with fish scales Discina nitida, etc. 

 South of the bridge, on the east side of the Embarras, there is an out- 

 crop of micaceous sandstone that affords some building stone of a fair 

 quality, which has been used for bridge abutments, foundation walls, 

 etc., and is probably the ecpaivalent of the upper part of the foregoing 

 section. 



At Mr. F. Pltjmmer's place, on the S. E. qr. of sec. 25, T. 5 N., E. 12 

 west, two wells were sunk, one near his dwelling house, passing through 

 eighteen inches of coal at a depth of eighteen feet, and the other, about 

 a quarter of a mile to the northward, commencing at a level below the 

 bottom of the first, was carried down forty-three feet mostly through 

 sandstone and shale, the lower part bituminous, and ending in the cal- 

 careous fossiliferous beds of the section at Lawrenceville and the bridge 

 two miles east of that point. 



At Mr. Porter's place, adjoining Mr. Pltjmmer's on the south, a 

 well was sunk to the depth of fifty-six feet, through the following beds : 



Ft. 



Drift clay soil, etc 18 



Sandstone 11 



Blue shales, bituminous at the bottom 27 



The water was obtained in the fossiliferous layers over the black, 

 sheety shale No. 3 of the section at the Embarras bridge. The coal 

 passed through in the well at Mr. Pltjmmer's house must lay above 

 the sandstone in the Porter well, which had probably been eroded away 

 at that point by water currents during the drift epoch. 



At Mr. Fritchey's well, a half mile west of Mr. Pltjmmer's, a bed 

 of cellular iron ore occurs in the sandstone near its base, and was 

 passed through in his well about sixteen feet below the surface. The 

 iron ore was reported to be two feet thick in the well, but at the outcrop, 

 a quarter of a mile from the house, its thickness was only about six 

 inches. It appears to be too sandy to be of any value for the produc- 

 tion of iron. 



