EICHLAND COUNTY. 45 



The drift clays are somewhat thicker in this county than in Lawrence, 

 and the bowlders are more numerous and of larger size. Below the 

 brown gravelly clays that usually form the subsoil on the uplands, and 

 range from ten to twenty feet in thickness, there is in many places a 

 bed of hard, bk.ish-gray, gravelly clay, or "hard pan" as it is frequently 

 termed, and below this at some points there is an old soil or muck bed, 

 underlaid by from one to five feet or more of quicksand. Limbs and 

 trunks of trees are frequently found imbedded in this old soil in which 

 they probably grew, or in the bluish-gray hard pan immediately above 

 it, but to the present time no authentic specimens of animal remains 

 have been found in them in this State, sufficiently well preserved for 

 identification. Some small fresh water and land shells have been found 

 in the quicksands in other portions of the State, but they did not prove 

 to be specifically distinct from those now living. 



Coal Measures. — From the meager outcrops to be seen on the small 

 streams in this county, it would not be possible to construct a continu- 

 ous section of all the beds that should be found here, but fortunately a 

 boring has recently been made at Olney which will aid us materially in 

 ascertaining the general character of the formations that underlay the 

 southern and eastern portions of the county to the depth penetrated by 

 the drill. This boring for coal was made by Mr. Crane, to whom I am 

 indebted for the following report of the beds passed through : 



Ft. In. 



1. Soil and drift clay 13 



2. Yellow sandstone 28 



3. Gray sandstone «2 6 



4. Black shale (horizon of coal !N"o. 13 ?) 4 



5. Clay shale 29 



6. Hard rock (probably sandstone) 48 



7. Clay shale with black slate , 25 



8. Hardsaodrock 3 



!). Clay shale 23 



10. Hani rock (probably sandstone) 36 



11. Clay shale - 22 



12. Black shale and coal (No. 12?) 2 



13. Clay sbale 31 



14. Limestone 4 



15. Shale, partly calcareous 23 



16. Limestone '. 3 



17. Hard rock (probably sandstone) 36 



337 6 



Two miles and a half south of Olney, in the vicinity of Bodeu's mill, 

 located on the S. E. qr. of sec. 15, T. 3, E. 10 B., there is an outcrop of 

 a thin coal in the creek bed, overlaid by the following strata : 



Ft. In. 



Brown sandstone - 10 to 12 



Black shale with concretions of blue septaria 4 to 6 



Bine clay shale - 5 



Hard silieious limestone with broken plants 2 



Clay shale with concretions of limestone 3 



Coal (No. 13 of general section) 6 



