176 GEOLOGY OF ILLINOIS, 



Cephalanflius occidentalis and Iris versicolor; at the border of the prairie 

 we found red oak and some laurel oak ; on the flats west of the prairie 

 post oak and shell bark hickory ; in the woods between the prairies and 

 Ewington hazel, laurel oak, hickory, sassafras, ash, etc.; and near the 

 river white oak is more abundant. 



On the prairie north of Ewington there are occasionally small willows 

 and a low species of cornus. 



On the bluffs of Sugar Fork we found white oak, Spanish oak, iron 

 wood, sugar tree ; and on the bottoms buckeye, sycamore, ash, bur oak, 

 red oak, red bud, elm, hornbeam, and linden. 



On the flats near Shoal creek we found white oak, shell bark hickory, 

 post oak, and black oak ; and on the hills and flats near Fuukhouser's 

 and Big creeks white oak, shell bark hickory and black oak. 



The streams west of the Little Wabash river take their rise in very 

 gentle depressions in the prairies. 



The banks of Fulfer creek, on the prairie, are muddy and fringed 

 with cornus, plum, cherry, grape vines and willow. 



Lower down stream we found on the bottoms, white walnut, sugar 

 tree, elm, grape vines, clematis, trumpet creeper, red birch, ash and 

 sycamore. 



Geological Formations. 



Quaternary. — At the top of the drift there are beds of brown clay, 

 which may probably be referred to the Loess. West of Little Wabash 

 there is exposed in the National road 4 to 6 feet of brown clay resting 

 on blue clay with bowlders. 



Drift. — On the bank of Green creek near the north county line a 

 deposit of altered drift is exposed thus: 



Ft. 



1. . Brown soil 1 



2. Brown sandj' clay 6 



3 Brown sandstone 4 in. to 1 



■J. Sand and pebbles ' 



Other drift sections were observed, as follows : 

 In the railroad cut south of Watson : 



Ft. 



1 . Brown clay (Loess ?) 8 



2. Clay and sand with some pebbles 20 



On Bishop's creek : 



Ft. 



1. Brown and buff clay (Loess? 12 



2. Blue clay and bowlders 15 



On Salt creek : 



Ft. In. 



1. Brown and buff clays and sands, a few small springs at the bottom 4 



2. Sandy conglomerate 6* 



3. Blue clay and bowlders - 8 



