• GALLATIN COUNTY. 199 



places, also, with iron ore, that forms a kind of ferruginous conglome- 

 rate or pudding stone, and here and there small patches of coal, but no 

 regular seam. Large, stems of Sigillaria are imbedded in it, one of 

 which is twelve inches broad and six feet or more in length. 



On the south end of the section the argillaceous shales lie also, appa- 

 rently horizontal, after passing a short distance below the point where 

 they show a dip of fifteen degrees. Several thin seams of coal are 

 seen, as shown in the section, but so crushed and broken up tbat it is 

 difficult to determine with certainty their position in the vertical section 

 of the Coal Measures hereafter to be described. The coaly matter in 

 the shale dipping ten degrees, may occupy the position of the Battery 

 rock coal, or No. 1 of the section above referred to. Several intercal- 

 lated bands of limestone occur in the section ; one, a black septaria 

 rock, is susceptible of a fine polish, and presents an appearance almost 

 equal to the Irish black marble. 



A casual observer of the tilted rocks at Shawneetown landing would 

 be likely to exaggerate the thickness of the strata to far beyond what 

 is shown in the above diagram, the measurements for which were care- 

 fully made by stepping the distance, and it is thought they will prove to 

 be nearly exact. The horizontal length is between nine hundred and 

 fifty and one thousand feet ; which, taking the average dip at fifteen 

 degrees, would make the vertical thickness of the strata to be from two 

 hundred and thirty to two hundred and fifty feet. Now, if we make a 

 reasonable allowance of one hundred and sixty feet, as the thickness of 

 the millstone-grit at this locality, it will be seen by reference to the 

 vertical section of the Coal Measures that no workable coal, above the 

 Battery rock coal No. 1, has been brought to the surface here. 



There is another low depression in the Gold Hill range in this county 

 where it is crossed by Saline river, at Island riffle, section 36, township 

 9, raugeS. At this locality a Coal Measure sandstone is exposed, but I 

 was unable to determine its position in the measures, or to decide posi- 

 tively upon the direction of its dip. which is but slight, aud apparently 

 to the north-east, while at Dorset's riffle, a short distance above, the 

 shales and thin-bedded sandstone in the river are dipping 35° south, 

 30° west. 



"Coal Hill" is the name of a short range of hills commencing on sec. 

 4, T. 10, B. 9, and terminating on sec. 8 of the same township and 

 range. With the exception of Coal Hill ridge and another range of 

 hills that skirt along the north side of Saline river, the country south of 

 Gold Hill and east of Saline has but a slight elevation ; much of it, iu 

 fact, is subject to overflow. South of the Saline river, and along the 

 waters of Eagle creek, the country is broken by hills from seventy to 

 one hundred and fifty feet high. Another short range of hills, lying to 



