222 



GEOLOGY OF OHIO 

 TABLE XII. 



Number. 



1 



2 



3 



4 



5 



6 





31.07 



26.47 

 9.96 



29.22 



24.97 



8.90 



60.77 



25.74 



9.46 



53.84 

 21.93 

 11.50 



63.12 

 26.20 

 10.72 



72.33 





19.06 



Water combined 



5.52 









67.50 



27.71 

 .94 



63.09 



31.34 

 1.30 



95.97 



90.27 



100.05 



96.91 







Titunic acid 





















Sand}' impiirities .. 

 Sesquioxide of iron 



28.65 



1.22 



.59 



.32 



.99 



tr. Li,0 



32.64 



1.66 

 .63 

 .40 



.28 

 tr. 











1.61 



.89 



:63 



1.20 



2.79 



.40 



1.50 



2.18 



.51 





.71 





.28 







.18 







.45 



Soda.. ' 





.14 











Fluxing impurities 

 Moisture 



3.12 

 1.04 



2.97 

 1.69 



4.33 



7.38 





1.76 





1.33 













Total 



100.31 



100.39 



100.30 



97.65 



100.05 



100.00 







No. 1. Ballou fire-clay ; Muskingum Co., Ohio, analysis by Lord. 



No. 2. Island siding fire-clay, Jefferson Co., Bolivar clay, analysis by Lord. 



No. 3. Phelps clay from Hocking Co., used by Wassail fireclay Co., analysis 

 by McDowell. 



No. 4. Hanging rock fire-clay, from Kittanning Horizon, from Portsmouth 

 Firebrick Co. 



No. 5. Oak Hill plastic clay ; partial analysis by D. O'Brien. 



No. 6. Plastic fire-clay from Gros Almerode, Germany. 



The average analysis of these clays indicates about the following 

 structure : 



Clay base 61.50 



Sand 32.00 



Fluxes 4.25 



with an oxygen ratio as follows: 



Oxygen in acid, 2.60 ; oxygen in base 1. Oxygen in alumina, 10.3 ; oxygen in 

 flux 1. 



This ratio indicates a clay very close to those used in yellow ware 

 manufacture and less sandy than those used in stone ware manufacture 

 and more refractory than the sewer pipe clays. 



Ver3 T much depends on the quality of these bond clays, for the action 

 of the bond under heat is ven r similar to its action when wet, even though 

 there be but little of it, it is the envelope which holds the other particles 

 in shape; if it softens and flows, the particles of good clay flow with it 

 while not affected much bv the heat or water themselves. 



