14 BOTANY OF BIHAR AND ORISSA. 



of these rocks clo th Dharwars. Othor hills, 



such as those of the Manibandh forest, contain massive quartz rocks 

 with some latent ■• mixture of Sal 



with fleshy Bvp) wt a shrub more 



road was cut alons the stoop hillside throng]) a dark, cxeessiveh hard 

 arch^an gneiss. The other large hill ranges 

 " " theMahana ,- ' 

 :y in Khand 



The high plateaux 



l Dhenkenal, about 6 miles ■* 



I found right i 

 hills of the Hathibari range consist of gneisses, including quartz 

 schists and quartz rock, which appear to me to be of the Dharwar 

 formation. On the granites the soil is sometimes cotton soil or 

 kunker. Exposures of archsean gneiss are frequent towards the 

 boundary of the S i i and Gangpur. 



The surface soil is frequently cotton soil. 



til. Dhnnnn, „f Smitln,,, i : ,„t. The I>h i rv. .,; - form magnificent 

 hill ranges in Sin jhur and Mayurbhanj, and to 



a less extent in Gangpur. Some of the q uart/.- 'and mica-schists 



and almost certainly the shale and phyllitedooking rocks in the 

 Jhargati forest (al n -i range) and similar rocks 



in parts of the Hathibari range and in the Angul forests appear to me 

 to belong to the ' ost of the moun- 



tains r,f \nerul r l p II th msM of' shales and phvllites with 



quartz veins, sili 



especially mica- and hamiin ,,„| other iron 



schists are very widespread. Whole hill ranges, e. g. the Lokud- 

 buru ran-o in Porahat and the Ghatkori hills in Saranda (Singbhum), 

 are more or less composed of them and yield a very valuable ore, now 



"-' 'I : ' !■■>-> I'M- are usually interbedded with quartz lamina, 

 in the hot seas, i . . . „ c haracteri3 



?. — The forest growth ( 



