BOTANY OF BIHAR AND ORISSA. 



Gondwana sandstones occur in depressions in the main 

 i Damuda Valley, between the 

 Clays and carboniferous shales 

 ot tnis Damuda series may be seen where the Ranchi-Hazaribagh 

 road crosses the valley (near 21st mile). The Gondwana system is 

 well developed again in the parallel Barakar valley, the Giridih coal- 

 field of Hazaribagh, and tilted beds of sandstone north of Bagoda as 

 well as micaceous shales composing the small hills north of the Barakar 

 possibly belong to it. The grits and sandstones to the south of 



..CM 



in are thrown ii 



lto scarps and ridges 



formerly co 



"':,]. 



In Manblm.n 



the now dreary wast. 



■ of country 



.Mem 



a coalfield is rr 



lainly Damuda" sands 





f,!r 









occur.* This a 



rea is remarkable in the rainy seas 





titles of the Am 



erican weed Hyptis si 





52. 



Igneous dykes 







!!■"!' ';, 





) belong to the same 





granites, th< 



55. Laterite occ 



I Hills. 



. 

 upicd by ( iondwana rocks, « 



'areou.s. In this area are situated the small Auranira, 

 ' "'I '■-'■•« lields. Still further west in the neighbour- 

 anhar rive- the flat-topped hills are capped by massive 

 hit. rite., the former being also perhaps of Gondwana 



baerial deposits as laterite and kankar. 



, as a cap to the hiuher plateaux or 



pt in the Rajmahal Hills) to rest directly on 

 [eterhat plateau, a felspathic granite. It also 

 sheets overlying the Bengal gneiss in Eastern 

 cases it may be the results of the complete 



lleys of the e Rajmahal Hills especially, but 



.hum (e. 



also in parts of Ha/.ariba-h (V. ,,. I 

 (e.g. from Leslieiranj to Rank, 



