TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. 



product of 1 

 ugTto r e S x e po n se h th 



Main Central Tract. 



Central Provinces, elev. 3493 ft. above sea-level. Near this poi 



- to the west, the Sone running north to i 



'■" the suutl, an<l r:ist. the last two rive 



1000 ft. in elevation. It ends in the Rajmahal Hills (see above) 



36. Formerly a denseh forest .lid . ountry. it is now more or less 

 denuded of forest except on the broken flanks of the plateaux and 

 more ruined hilly outliers, and is becoming worse every year This 

 denudation is no doubt correlated with the disastrous floods that take 

 place periodically, both in the Gaya district to the north, in parts 

 of the Santal Parganas, and along the course of the Damudar in 

 Bengal. 



37. The two main plateaux, those of Ranchi and Hazaribagh, are 



deep vallev of the Damn. la, 

 and carry, especially on the west, still hiuhe, plateaux (usually 1000 ft. 

 higher), which are known as "pats." On one of these pats, on the 

 borders of Ranchi and Palamau, is situated Xeterhat, developed (l.y 

 Sir E. Gait) as inatorium. 



38 - Towards the edges of the plateaux are very frequently ranges 

 pats, and the seat _ I -pm- and lulls u h,, h 



K " ,1 ^ il HI|| - ; -carps characteristic of the 



same time tlu in . ' i , ml feature of the 



plateaux are for the most par- - ,>n ,IK varied 



by stony hills wii ,- the chats and outlying 



' ' ;-'--'^ tl" 1'imdi Hill- m to,, st ,„ ,„n_r|..-.l. l ,| 



3!) Tiunli Hills and Parasnath.— Some of the outlying spurs form 

 " -"" " I' 'I ' " U « s s,„ j, ,s | M , , .].,,,! ( |, , u - if |, ,s projecting into 

 the Gametic Plain, which really l„-|,„ lu ,o the Central tract. One of 

 these outlying ranges, the Tundi Hills, extending across the boundary 

 of Manbhum and Hazaribagh, and to the east of Hazaribagh itself, 

 contains the highest mountain in the province, Parasnath. The 



