202 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST [Vou. XL 
narrow border left free, where in their upper portions they over- 
lap their neighbors. The anatomical features cannot be made 
out in this section as the magnification is not sufficient. 
Plate 4, Fig. 1, shows a transverse section through the woody 
cylinder of the younger branch shown on Plate 3, Fig. 5. By 
using a lens it may be seen that at this stage the cylinder consists 
of clearly separated bundles. On the right a single leaf-trace is 
passing off. 
Plate 4, Fig. 2, reproduces a cross section of the basal portion 
of a leaf from the margin of the same young branch. It may be 
seen that there are several fibrovascular bundles present. These 
have originated from the single trace previously described. Of 
the Cupressineze, Sequoiineze, and Araucarinez, the only Conifers 
with which Brachyphyllum has ever been placed, the latter group 
alone have the branched leaf-trace. 
Plate 4, Fig. 3, shows a similarly branching leaf-trace from one 
of the broad leaves which clothe the upper and lower surfaces of 
the stem in the genus Brachyphyllum. 
Plate 4, Fig. 4, shows a portion of the latter under a higher 
degree of magnification. The lower fibrovascular tissue is obvi- 
ously dividing into three branches. 
Plate 4, Fig. 5, is part of a branch of Brachyphyllum in trans- 
verse section. The light spaces are the sections of resin-canals. 
Although the material was passed through a number of solvents 
of resin, used in a hot condition, there is still some matter present 
in the lumina of the resin-passages. This appears to be of a 
mucilaginous nature and is comparable to that found among living 
Conifers only in the genera Araucaria and Dammara. 
Plate 4, Fig. 6, shows a transverse section of a diseased branch 
of Brachyphyllum, in which there is one particularly large resin- 
cavity. he fossil mucilage, as we consider it to be, is present 
also in this instance. We have, in fact, found this substance to 
be always present in Brachyphyllum, except in charred branches, 
and those which had become very rotten in the process of fossili- 
zation. The mucilaginous contents of the resin-canals afford an- 
other reason for associating Brachyphyllum with the Araucarinee 
rather than with the Cupressinee or the. Sequotinee. 
The most important argument, however, in favor of the Arau- 
