MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 225 
Order FAGALES. 
Family BETULACEAE. 
Genus CARPINUS Linne. 
CARPINUS PSEUDO-CAROLINIANA DN. sp. 
Plate LXXI, Fig. 10. 
Description.—Leaf about 14 inch long by 4 inch wide, oblong; ab- 
ruptly acuminate at the apex, finely serrate; secondary nerves numerous, 
fine, sub-parallel, leaving the midrid at an acute angle and extending to 
the serrations of the margin. This leaf is almost identical with many 
smaller leaves of the living C. caroliniana Walt., which are frequently 
simply instead of doubly serrate. Numerous similar fossil forms have 
been described under QO. grandis Ung. and C. heerwi Etts., and Lesquereux 
has figured specimens under the former name from the western United 
States which approach the Maryland leaves very closely (Tert. Fl. pl. 
Ixiv, figs. 8-10). They are described as doubly serrate, although the 
smaller specimens are figured as simply serrate, the same as the former. 
Practically the only difference between them is the abruptly acuminate 
apex of the latter, as compared with the more SSeeterm tapering apex of 
the former. 
Occurrence.—SuNpERLAND Formation. ‘Near the headwaters of Is- 
land Creek, Calvert County. 
Collections—Maryland Geological Survey. 
Genus ALNUS Gaertn. 
ALNUs RuGOsA (Du Roi) K. Koch. 
Plate LXIX, Figs. 1-3. 
Betula Alnus rugosa Du Roi, 1771, Harbk. vol. i, p. 112. 
_ Alnus rugosa K. Koch, 1872, Dend., vol. ii, pt. 1, p. 635. 
Description —Numerous leaf impressions of this species oceur in the 
fine silt at Drum Point, but it was found almost impossible to preserve 
_ them long enough for depicting, as they dried and cracked on exposure 
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