FRONT LIMB 



11 



and gives leverage. It contains a deep notch with a large beak 

 at the top for articulation with the humerus. The inferior por- 

 tion of this bone is slender and more 

 or less pointed, containing at its ex- 

 tremity a small knob. 



Foot. — The foot includes 7 carpals, 

 3 metacarpals, 2 sesamoids, 3 pha- 

 langes, and 1 navicular. 



The carpals consist of seven small, 

 short bones, and with the articulation 

 of the carpals to the radius above, 

 and the metacarpals below, make up 

 what is commonly known as the knee 

 joint. 



The metacarpals are located in 

 what is known as the region of the 

 cannon. They are three in number : a 

 large one in the middle, which is long 

 and more or less cylindrical ; and one 

 rudimentary metacarpal on each side. 

 These together articulate above with 

 the carpals, and the large one below 

 with the first phalanx and the sesa- 

 moids. The small metacarpals are 

 commonly known as splint bones. 



The first phalanx is commonly 

 known as the pastern bone. It is the 

 shortest bone in the body that is 

 classified as a long bone. The shaft 

 shows an anterior convex surface and 

 a posterior surface which is flattened 

 and rough. The upper extremity is 

 marked by two shallow cavities, sepa- 

 rated by a median groove and fitted 

 for articulation with the two convex 

 surfaces and the median ridge which 

 mark the inferior extremity of the 

 large metacarpal. The lower extrem- 

 ity has two convex articular surfaces separated by a median 

 groove. 



The sesamoids are two small, somewhat triangular, and ir- 



Fig. 11. — Anterior Limb op 

 the Horse. 



0, Scapula; H, humerus; 

 A, radius; 27, ulna; C, car- 

 pals; M, metacarpals; S, 

 sesamoids; P, phalanges. 



