INFECTIOUS RHINITIS OF SWINE 23 



Diagnosis. — It is usually not difficult to determine the 

 ' origin of the hemorrhage but to find the cause may require 

 a most careful examination of the patient. Pulmonary hem- 

 orrhages are characterized by a bright red, foamy bilateral 

 nasal discharge accompanied by cough, dyspnea, and weak 

 pulse. On auscultation of the chest, rales are heard. How- 

 ever, if from a nasal hemorrhage some of the blood is aspirated 

 into the lungs, symptoms of pulmonary hemorrhage may be 

 simulated, complicating the diagnosis. In gastric hemor- 

 rhage the blood is more or less clbtted, brown in color, of 

 acid reaction, and mixed with food particles. In the horse 

 and ox it may be ejected .through the nostrils, but in the 

 hog and in carnivora it is vomited through the mouth. 



Treatment. — The patient should be kept in a cool quiet 

 place. If the hemorrhage is severe enough to warrant it, 

 inject into the nostrils adrenalin in salt solution (1 to 5000). 

 Tincture of ferric chlorid is serviceable. If injections do 

 not suffice, tampon the nostril or nostrils with gauze soaked 

 in , adrenalin. In the horse and ox tracheotomy should 

 be performed before plugging both nostrils. Intravenous 

 injection of a 2 per cent, gelatin solution in salt solution has 

 been effective. In slight hemorrhages turpentine may be 

 given internally. When bleeding comes from an angioma 

 in the septum, touching with lunar caustic may stop it. 



INFECTIOUS RHINITIS OF SWINE. 



Definition. — An infectious disease of the nose, ethmoid and 

 brain of young pigs due to the Pseudomonas pyocyaneus, 

 the microorganism of blue pus. 



Natural Infection. — Takes place through the nose from the 

 pigs rooting in infected straw, manure, etc. 



Symptoms. — The prodromal symptoms are those of fever 

 (loss of appetite, languor). Nasal symptoms soon appear. 

 The patient passes air rapidly in and out of the nostrils, 

 producing a snorting or sniffling sound; the snout is fre-, 

 quently rubbed against objects. There is bloody nasal 

 discharge mixed with pus. The snout becomes edematous 

 and swollen. In severe cases on about the third day of the 



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