HYDRONEPHROSIS— CYSTIC KIDNEY 207 



origin. It is quite often fatal in horses, especially when 

 traumatic. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms are hematuria, blood-tube casts 

 in the urine, and general anemia. 



AMYLOID KIDNEY. 



Amyloid kidney is usually associated with chronic suppura; 

 tive conditions such as are seen in strangles, liver abscesses, 

 etc. It is of no clinical importance in veterinary medicine. 



Symptoms. — The symptoms are very vague (anemia, 

 cachexia, albuminuria without tube casts). 



KIDNEY TUMORS. 



The kidneys are the seat of several kinds of tumors, such 

 as sarcoma, carcinoma, adenoma, melanoma, etc. They can 

 rarely be diagnosed clinically. Occasionally they may be 

 palpated through the rectum. If they produce symptoms 

 they are hematuria, uremia, emaciation, and intermittent 

 lameness from compression and thrombosis of the posterior 

 aorta. 



Treatment. — Treatment is of no use except in dogs, where 

 occasionally nephrectomy is practised. 



HYDRONEPHROSIS. CYSTIC KIDNEY. 



Etiology. — This condition is found frequently in edible 

 animals. Cystic kidney is usually due to kidney stones, 

 especially in sheep, where 80 per cent, of the cases are due to 

 this cause. In the hog it is said to result from a congenital 

 defect in the opening of the ureters, which are placed too 

 low at their point of entrance into the bladder, periodically 

 preventing the urine from escaping. 



Symptoms. — Cystic kidney rarely produces symptoms dur- 

 ing life, although very rarely a kidney may become so en- 

 larged as to distend the abdomen in swine. Occasionally in 

 horses and cattle the condition may be palpated per rectum. 



Treatment. — Treatment is unavailing. 



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