HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA 295 



cases a bacteriological examination of the blood should be 

 made. 



Treatment. — A medicinal treatment is useless. 



Prevention. — As the bacillus of this disease has a saprophytic 

 existence in soil, and is often present in the tonsils and bowels 

 of "germ carriers," it is difficult to eradicate. However, the 

 usual causes of infection, as noted, are affected swine, living 

 or dead, and therefore susceptible hogs should be isolated 

 from them. Infected pens and hog lots should be thoroughly- 

 disinfected, the droppings collected and rendered innocuous. 

 Hog pastures contaminated with the germs should be culti- 

 vated. Carcasses should be burned or buried deep. 



Protective Inoculation. — As one attack of erysipelas pro- 

 duces immunity, vaccination, much practised in Europe, is 

 feasible. Two methods are employed : one known as that of 

 Pasteur, which requires a double vaccination, the first /fol- 

 lowed by a second in twelve days; the other is known as 

 the simultaneous (serum and cultures together) method of 

 Lorenz and of Laclaniche, which also requires that the 

 vaccination be once repeated. 



HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA. PASTEURELLOSIS. 



Under the collective term "hemorrhagic septicemia" is 

 gathered a group of diseases characterized by general septi- 

 cemic infection (blood spots appearing in the skin, serous 

 membranes, bones and joints), and in the tissues one of the 

 varieties of a belted or coco bacillus known as the Bacterium 

 bipolaris septicum or the Bacterium Pasteurella. 



Under this head are usually included the following diseases : 

 chicken cholera, rabbit septicemia, hemorrhagic septicemia of 

 cattle, septic pneumonia of calves, the buffalo plague, hemor- 

 rhagic septicemia of sheep, takosis of goats (?), swine plague, 

 and enzootic pneumonia of shoats. 



At the present time, for lack of sufficient experimental data, 

 it is difficult to decide just what relationship the bipolar bac- 

 teria bear to the diseases they are supposed to cause. The 

 fact that the bipolar bacilli are found in the tissues and body 



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