FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE 345 



isolated cases where no vesicles can be found and the only 

 lesions apparent a teat ulcer, the diagnosis is impossible. 



" Course. — The disease usually lasts several weeks in a herd, 

 depending upon the number of susceptible animals and the 

 precautions taken to prevent its spread. 



Prognosis. — Good. The disease is benign and does -not 

 cause death. Economic loss is occasioned through the diminu- 

 tion and polution of the milk, the persistency of the teat ulcers 

 and the cases of mastitis which develop during the course of 

 an outbreak. 



Treatment. — No internal treatment is necessary. Washing 

 the teats and udder after each milking with a 1 per cent, 

 solution of sodium hyposulphite generally suffices. Sterile 

 milk-tubes may be used when the teats are sore. The ulcers 

 heal readily in ten to fourteen days provided they are not 

 irritated during milking. 



'Protective Inoculation. — Vaccinating cattle with calf lymph 

 (vaccine points) intended for human beings has been prac- 

 tised in Europe with apparently good results 



Horse-pox. — Definition. — Horse-pox is a local vesiculopus- 

 tular eruption which occurs in the region of the fetlocks. 



Etiology. — It is probably cow-pox transmitted to horses by 

 recently vaccinated horseshoers. 



Symptoms. — It is most frequent in young horses. The 

 region of the fetlock becomes edematous and sensitive. In 

 a few cases there may be mild general symptoms (fever) 

 which ar6 usually not noticed. In one or two days, on the 

 posterior surface of the fetlocks, there develop pea- to bean- 

 sized vesicles which soon burst and form crusts. Occurrence 

 on other portions of the body is rare, although cases are 

 recorded where the vesicles appeared on the head, about the 

 mouth and nostrils and exceptionally the buccal mucous 

 membrane was invaded. On the limbs a temporary change in 

 the color of the hair, which becomes lighter, has been noted. 

 The course is benign. 



FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE. 



Definition. — Foot-and-mouth disease is a very contagious 

 disorder of cloven-hoofed animals, due to an ultramicroscopic 



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