138 



LABORATORY MANUAL FOR VERTEBRATE ANATOMY 



They are attached to the sacrum, the ilium, the vertebrae and ribs at various 

 points, and to the back of the skull, and serve to move the vertebral column 

 as a whole or in part, raise the head, etc. All parietal muscles not included in 

 this mass are hypaxial muscles, which have in some cases spread dorsally so as 

 to cover the epaxial muscles. 



genioglossus 

 styloglossus 

 geniohyoid 

 hyoglossus 

 constrictor pharyngis 



mandible 

 molar gland 



digastric 

 mylohyoid 

 parotid gland 

 submaxillary gland 

 lymph glands 



long head of 

 the triceps 



transversus costarum 

 serratus ventralis 



latissimus dorsi 



external oblique 



Fig. 41. — Ventral view of the anterior part of the cat to show the muscles. AU dermal muscles 

 have been removed. Superficial muscles on the right side, deeper layer of muscles on the left side, 

 after removal of the pectoral muscles, sternomastoid, mylohyoid, and digastric. The nerves and 

 blood vessels which cross the axilla have been omitted. The view of the axilla is different from that 

 revealed in the dissection given in the text. The epitrochlearis is called extensor antibrachii in the text. 



5. The muscles of the chest. — (Fig. 41.) Turn the animal on its back and 

 expose the chest by spreading and fastening the fore limbs. The great muscles 

 covering the chest or ventral side of the thorax are the pectoral muscles. They 

 are divisible into several portions which are not very definitely separable from 



