16 THE DISEASES OP THE DOG. 



be given in food or water, a very useful method in cases 

 which require a long course of alterative or other treat- 

 ment. To prevent expulsion of medicines by vomition, 

 the head may be kept elevated for half an hour after 

 administration. 



Dbaughts should seldom exceed a wineglassful in bulk, 

 generally a dessert-spoonful as a dose will suffice. They 

 may be given with a spoon or from the phial itself. The 

 dog being placed as above directed for giving a pill, the 

 third act consists in drawing out the loose, soft part of the 

 cheek so that it may form a sort of funnel when the head 

 is elevated (Fig. 8). The head should be held up by an 

 assistant. One hand of the administerer is used for pull- 

 ing out the cheek and the other for pouring in the liquid 

 gradually to replace that which trickles between the 

 molars and down the animal's throat to be swallowed in 

 successive gulps. A very small amount of liquid may be 

 given by simply pouring it from a teaspoon on to the back 



Fig. 8. — Administration of medicines. (MATHEW.) 



of the tongue, the mouth being held open as though for 

 giving a pill. Coughing or attempts to cough should cause 

 immediate cessation of the drenching process, but there is 

 less liability to entry of fluid into the air-passages of the 

 dog than of the horse, because the epiglottis of the former 

 animal is relatively much the broader. In cases of 

 emergency, fluid medicines may be administered by means 

 of the stomach pump, or subcutaneous injection syringe ; but 



