DISEASES OP THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. 85 



it a disease of old age which must take its course, although 

 in extreme distress an emetic may be required to give the 

 animal relief, and the passages must be kept as clean as 

 possible. He continues, " I scarcely ever knew a very 

 old pug that had not it to a greater or less degree." 

 Syringing the passages with solution of zinc chloride or 

 permanganate of potash lessens the smell and promotes 

 cure. 



Parasitic Oz-ena is of frequent occurrence, for an 

 arachnidan, Pentastoma tsenioides, takes up its abode in 

 and near the nasal chambers of the dog. It is the mature 



Fig. 27. — Pentastome (XJobbold). 



form of Penta. denticulatum, which infests the abdominal 

 viscera of horses, ruminants, man, and other animals, and 

 is tolerably frequent in various parts of Europe. " Oar 

 dogs commonly obtain the worm by frequenting butchers' 

 stalls and slaughter houses, where portions of the fresh 

 viscera are apt to be inconsiderately flung to hungry 

 animals" (Oobbold). Professor Dick records a case of 

 sudden death, supposed to be the result of poisoning, in 

 which three pentastomes had wandered into the larynx, 

 trachea, and left bronchus respectively, probably in search 

 of warmth, and so suffocated the animal (' Veterinarian/ 

 1840, p. 42). 



As these parasites are formidably- armed and rough, 

 they cause a good deal of irritation when they are mi- 

 grating from one part of the nasal chamber to another. 

 The patient rolls violently, sometimes in a convulsive fit, 

 rubs the nose with his paws or against the ground, 

 sneezes paroxysmally, champs the jaws, and occasionally 

 death ensues. These active movements result from the 

 parasite being disturbed in some way, as by cold, frosty 



