THE URINARY APPARATUS. l6l 



tincture of cantharides, 3 minims to water 2 oz., useful 

 in these cases. In renal haemorrhage the blood is passed 

 as small worm-like clots diffused through the urine ; in 

 vesical hsemoiThage after expulsion of urine a flow of 

 blood occurs ; in urethral bleeding the blood, uncoagulated, 

 trickles from the urethra without expulsive effort. The 

 dark urine of hepatic and some blood disorders must not 

 be considered bloody. Diabetes Mellitcjs has been 

 studied at the University of Naples by Prof. Ferraro. He 

 finds that the disease occurs naturally in dogs, and in 

 causes, symptoms, and treatment resembles the same 

 disorder in man (' II Morgagni/ 1885). Urine with copious 

 sediment may contain excess of mucus, pus, sabulous mat- 

 ter, or gravel. In cases of doubt a little of the sediment 

 may be put under the microscope, but that -is usually 

 superfluous. The passage of gravel is generally an indica- 

 tion of a tendency to the formation of urinary calculi, if 

 not of their actual presence. To restrict the deposit, 

 Mayhew recommends a strictly vegetable diet, doses of 

 ether and laudanum both by mouth and injection ; hyoscy- 

 amus and balsams, and sometimes cubebs or other 

 peppers, and cantharides. 



Prostatic Disease is so frequent in the dog that the 

 casual manner in which it is noticed by authors on canine 

 pathology is somewhat surprising. Touatt mentions a case 

 of rupture of the bladder due to it, but without recognising 

 what organ was " on the neck of the bladder the size 

 of a goose's egg and almost filling the cavity of the 

 pelvis ; on cutting into it, more than 2 oz. of the pus 

 escaped." Simonds* records a chronic case of gradual 

 increase in size of the organ bringing about mechanical 

 obstruction to the passage of urine. Mannington, of 

 Brighton, was called to see a thirteen-year-old spaniel 

 which for six months had shown a rapid increase in the 

 size of the belly without impairment of the general health, 

 and had been noticed latterly to urinate frequently. 

 There was found immense enlargement and tenseness of 

 the belly, especially at the Bides ; incessant attempts to 

 * 'Trans. V. M. A.,' 1840-41, p. 57. 



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