266 THE DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



Of Non-malignant Growths, fibrous or fibro-vascular 

 polypi are very common, and occur in the nasal chambers, 

 rectum, vagina, and even on the sheath. Simple fibroma 

 follows injuries, and is most frequently found on the limbs. 

 Fibro-cystic tumours occur on various parts of the limbs, 

 especially. on the toes, and in the form of " capped hock " 

 and " capped elbow," which are common in dogs kept in 

 small kennels without sufficient exercise. They result 

 from bruises, and abscesses may form, but generally thoy 

 are a kind of spurious bursa, and covered by skin much 

 hypertrophied, and with thick horny cuticle.* Similar 

 spurious bursse form in certain breeds of dogs opposite the 

 tubera ' ischii from the animals constantly sitting on 

 hard ground. They resemble the " natal callosities " 

 found in monkeys. 



Warty growths, simple epithelial hypertrophies, are 

 common on the skin and mucous membranes, as of the 

 sheath and mouth. Acetic acid is ■ a good caustic for 

 them, and Blaine recommends that they be dressed with 

 a powder consisting of equal parts of savin and sal am- 

 moniac powdered. 



Fatty tumours occur in and on the skin or in the sub- 

 cutaneous tissue in certain breeds of dogs, such as spaniels, 

 very frequently. They especially affect old animals, and 

 may be freely removed with the knife, being generally 

 well defined and lobulated, also loosely connected with 

 the subjacent parts. Blaine speaks of the frequency of 

 formation of fatty tumours in the region of the loins of 

 spayed bitches. It appears as a swelling on each side of 

 the loins, and is simply fat accumulation at the seat of the 

 ovaria. Osseous growths occur usually as exostoses, which 

 have been elsewhere mentioned, but osteoids have been 

 described as lying independently in the soft tissues, and 

 occasionally tumours in the mammary gland undergo cal- 

 careous or osseous change. 



* Lowe reports an interesting case of cystic growth at the lower part of 

 the cervical region. It recurred three times after operation, and finally dis- 

 appeared on removal of much of the investing integument (' Jonrn. Comp. 

 Med. and Surgery,' iv, p. 317). 



