PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT ,y 



under the infraspinatus; and at the convexity of the trochanter 

 under the large gluteus, are considered under Tenosynovitis. 



Calculus. 



(See Urinary Retention, p. 261.) 



Canker of the Ear in the Dog. 



1. Internal Canker, Otorrhea, Otitis Externa Diffusa. 

 — The diffuse form of inflammation of the external auditory canal 

 is exhibited by a purulent or bloody discharge from the ear and 

 swelling of the canal. The inflammation may extend to the internal 

 ear (otitis media) and in that case the symptoms are more marked. 

 Ordinarily the dog will rub his ears and head with his paws, or 

 shake the head frequently, and, with involvement of the internal 

 ear, the pain is intense (with fever), and the animal howls and 

 often develops delirium, coma, ending in death. It is usually im- 

 possible to inspect the drum on account of swelling of the canal, 

 and therefore it may be difficult to differentiate positively inflam- 

 mation of the external from that of the internal ear. 



Otitis externa is caused by trauma; by dirt lodging in the ear 

 and causing infection through contained fungi and bacteria; by 

 foreign bodies and by water ; and it occurs as a sequel to distemper, 

 in the course of catarrhal affections, and as an extension of skin 

 diseases. Lack of exercise and overfeeding predispose. 



Treatment. — At the onset it is well to give a brisk purge, as 3 

 compound cathartic pills for good-sized animals. If there is 

 much pain and swelling of the canal, deep scarifications, after local 

 anesthesia with 10 per cent, cocaine solution, will relieve most 

 quickly. The scarifications are made to the periosteum parallel to 

 the long axis of the canal. Frequent irrigation of the canal with 

 hot, saturated, boric acid solution, by means of a fountain syringe 

 elevated but slightly above the patient, is the simplest and one of the 

 most effective forms of treatment. It is well to wipe out the water 

 v ith absorbent cotton on a probe, dust a mixture of boric acid and 



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