IS DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



may become as low as 1,000,000 per c.m.m.*; hemoglobin by 

 Tallquist's test is always diminished and averages 10 to 85 per cent, 

 in all cases. Lymphocytosis exists, the lymphocytes constituting 40 

 to 60 per cent, of the white cells, and there is corresponding leuco- 

 penia of the polynuclear leucocytes. Megalocytes, microcytes, poik- 

 ilocytes and occasional erythroblasts are found. The remissions are 

 much longer and marked than in the acute form, but fifty per cent, 

 or more cases are fatal. 



The chronic form of infectious anemia with occasional attacks 

 of slight fever, weakness, emaciation, etc., may be hard to separate 

 from other secondary anemias, but the special changes in the blood 

 noted and the occurrence of lymphocytosis will aid the diagnosis. If 

 secondary to intestinal parasites, there will be eosinophilia. The 

 post mortem reveals numerous petechiae on the surface of the large 

 bowels and visceral organs, free bloody fluid in the cavities and en- 

 gorgement of the spleen and alteration in the bone marrow. 



Prognosis. — Reports show that the mortality is 75 per cent, 

 and over, but this may be cut down to 20 per cent., it is said, by 

 treatment. 



Treatment. — In the acute form the temperature is lowered by 

 applications of cold water with a hose and by rectal injections.f An- 

 mals must be kept at complete rest in the stall and not even removed 

 to supply them with water. Shade is imperative. Fowler's solu- 

 tion should be given in two to three ounce doses daily and continued 

 for two weeks after the subsidence of fever unless symptoms of 

 poisoning ensue. Alcoholic stimulants may be given thrice daily to 

 advantage along with the arsenic. In the chronic form the treat- 

 ment is much the same; — the arsenic is continued for from four 

 to six weeks and cold ablutions are employed for fever. Segrega- 

 tion of the sick and disinfection of the premises are indicated 

 (p. 282). 

 Anthrax — Charbon. 



Anthrax occurs as an enzootic, epizootic or sporadic disease, 



* Normally 7,000,000. 



t Quinine, 40 gr., acetanilid, 3ii, with pulv. nux vomica, gr. xxx given four 

 times daily is effective in reducing temperature CMohler). 



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