PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT j, 



gonocephalus of dogs and its congener of cats. Prolonged over- 

 exertion, obesity and in-breeding appear to be etiological factors. 

 Anemia is common in sucklings and young animals and is then said 

 to be congenital. 



Symptoms. — Pallor of the mucous membranes, weakness and 

 sweating on exertion, palpitation, and rapidity of the heart, heart 

 murmurs and venous hum in the jugulars, anorexia and digestive 

 disturbances are the chief symptoms. Sometimes the mucous mem- 

 branes in the horse are of a coppery color and the nasal membrane 

 of a slate hue. 



Pernicious Anemia is a rare and often fatal form arising 

 from unknown causes. Weakness is slowly but persistently pro- 

 gressive and, in addition to the ordinary symptoms of anemia, there 

 may be a yellowish hue of the mucous membranes, intermittent 

 fever, diarrhea, visible pulsating vessels, dropsy and perhaps emaci- 

 ation. In the exact diagnosis of anemia the signs and symptoms 

 are not sufficient, but the blood should be examined. In ordinary, 

 secondary anemia the hemoglobin is proportionately deficient, as 

 shown by the color in comparing a drop of fresh blood on white 

 filter paper with Tallquist's color scale. The red corpuscles are 

 to a less extent diminished. Tallquist's Scale will be found as the 

 frontispiece of the book. This was made for use in human practice 

 but applies almost equally well to most domestic animals. If the 

 hemoglobin of any selected specimen of blood shows a color equal 

 to that, or higher than that, marked 80 per cent., the probability of 

 anemia existing is slight. 



This test is the easiest of any reliable method for determining 

 anemia and the appearance of the mucous membranes may be mis- 

 leading. 



To perform the test one should draw a drop of blood by a 

 prick with a surgical needle or scalpel from the lip or other vascular 

 part, and saturate a piece of clean, white filter paper with it. 



The blood on the filter paper should be compared by daylight 



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