I2 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



Symptoms. — In the horse amaurosis is shown by a " glass eye " 

 — a glassy, staring eye in which the pupil does not react to light. 

 There is blindness, generally in both eyes, without any visible 

 lesions in the eye. The animal is apt to step high. On pretending 

 to strike the animal, the eyelid does not wink, unless wind made by 

 the movement is perceived by the patient. 



Treatment. — It will be apparent from the foregoing that the 

 treatment must depend upon the causation. When causative fact-" 

 ors, inducing only functional disorder of the visual apparatus, may 

 be removed, then recovery may be expected. In amaurosis depend- 

 ent upon debility, hemorrhage, trauma and quinine poisoning, the 

 use of strychnine under the skin — or by mouth — and the application 

 of a fly blister the size of the palm (which should be rubbed into 

 the skin behind the ear) are indicated. Also in atrophy of the optic 

 nerve strychnine is beneficial. It should be injected about the tem- 

 ple, in doses of one grain for the horse, twice daily. When this is 

 not feasible, one dram doses of powdered nux vomica may be given 

 on the food thrice daily. 



Anemia (Pernicious Anemia — Hydremia). 



Anemia is a bodily state in which there is reduction of the 

 total amount of blood or of its constituent parts, especially the red 

 corpuscles and hemoglobin. It attacks all domestic animals. 



Anemia may be divided into two kinds : (o) secondary or symp- 

 tomatic, and (b) primary, idiopathic or pernicious. Ordinary 

 anemia belongs to the first division and is symptomatic of many 

 disorders, as hemorrhage ; insufficient food ; exposure to cold ; badly 

 ventilated quarters; acute and chronic diseases accompanied by ex- 

 hausting discharges, as in diarrhea and chronic suppuration; chronic 

 nephritis ; prolonged lactation ; pregnancy ; malignant disease ; toxic 

 conditions as in fever, indigestion and metal poisoning; and intes- 

 tinal parasites — especially the Distoma hepaticum, and Stronglyi 

 — as S. contortus of sheep, S. tetracanthus -of foals, Dochmius tri- 



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