PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT gj 



cent. ) is also of benefit. In the membranous form due to the Klebs- 

 Loeffler bacillus, nothing is so valuable as diphtheria antitoxin. 



Granular conjunctivitis (granular lids, trachoma) begins as an 

 acute muco-purulent form with swelling of the lids, and often 

 considerable photophobia, but tends to become chronic with im- 

 plication of the cornea, photophobia, blepharospasm, and lachrima- 

 tion. Upon the everted lids may be seen enlarged papillae on the 

 upper lids, or sago-like bodies on the lower lids, with thickening of 

 the submucous tissue. As a result of this condition we have 

 atrophy and entropion; and on account of the' roughness of the lids, 

 ulceration and opacity of the -cornea and pannus, or the develop- 

 ment of a fan-like growth of blood-vessels on the upper half of 

 the cornea. Granular conjunctivitis is thought to be due to a specific 

 germ and is contagious. 



To treat this condition requires much time and patience. 

 Apply to the everted lids once daily a 40 per cent, solution of protar- 

 gol and drop into the eye a 10 per cent solution of the same thrice 

 daily. With marked photophobia one should employ a solution of 

 atropine two or more times daily (gr.ii-iv to %i). If this treatment 

 does not succeed, then the crystal of cupric sulphate, or 2 per cent, 

 silver nitrate solution, should be applied every other day to the 

 everted lid. Knapp's roller forceps are valuable in expressing the 

 contents from enlarged follicles. The lids are well cocainized and 

 everted and the forceps are made to grasp the everted lids or folds 

 of conjunctiva and are drawn over them. 



Entropion may be treated by removing the lashes, but surgical 

 treatment is the only remedy (see Entropion) in severe cases. 

 When pannus is marked the use of powdered jequirity bean, in 

 three per cent, solution in water, prepared by maceration for three 

 hours at ordinary temperature, may be curative. This is to be 

 painted on the everted lids two or three times at one treatment and 

 then the animal should be kept in the dark and treated as for acute 

 conjunctivitis. Great inflammation is produced and there is some 



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