I 00 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



become lodged just within the anus, when unsuccessful attempts at 

 defecation should lead to examination per rectum. The treatment is 

 purely expectant unless symptoms are pronounced and it is thought 

 safer to remove the foreign body by abdominal section than to risk 

 the dangers of lodgment and obstruction produced by the object. 

 Feeding bulky food, as large quantities of bread and porridge, as- 

 sists the expulsion of the foreign body. Emetics are usually need- 

 less, as vomiting is spontaneous, but a cathartic may be given 36 

 hours after ingestion of the body — providing it be a blunt object 

 and has not appeared. 



In Ruminants. — Foreign bodies are often swallowed by cat- 

 tle, sheep and goats. A positive diagnosis from the symptoms is im- 

 possible unless the act is seen. Soft bodies, as cloth and sand, 

 cause chronic indigestion and may end fatally, while sharp objects 

 often penetrate the rumen and reticulum and cause inflammation 

 of neighboring parts — as the lungs, pleurae, spleen, liver, pericar- 

 dium, etc. Treatment is purely surgical. 



Fowl Cholera. 



This, with croup or roup of fowl, constitute their most com- 

 mon and severe disorders. Cholera is due to a specific bacillus and 

 is communicated to healthy fowl by ingesting feces and portions of 

 dead infected birds. All kinds of birds are subject to the disease 

 and it tends to occur as an enzootic and epizootic disorder. The 

 bird stands apart, dull and drooping, froths at the mouth or vomits 

 and suffers from increasingly severe diarrhea. Then follow great 

 weakness, dyspnea, stupor or convulsions, and the bird dies within 

 one to three days. The incubation period is only twenty-four hours 

 or thereabouts. 



The mortality is often 90 per cent, but may be lowered by early 

 treatment. One of the following is recommended by Friedberger 

 and Frohner. Acid is found to kill the cholera microorganism very 

 readily. Acid hydrochloric dil., TTiv: or ferrous sulphate, gr. v; or 



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