120 DISEASES OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS 



fetid discharge; blackleg occurs among young animals generally 

 and the swellings crepitate. From contagious pleuropneumonia 

 the disease may be distinguished because of absence of the swellings 

 and dysenteric symptoms. Also while nervous symptoms some- 

 times occur in cerebrospinal meningitis, as staggering gait, trembl- 

 ing and a wild-eyed appearance, the local swellings are absent and 

 paralyses. 



Prevention. — No successful treatment is known, so that we 

 must at present content ourselves with preventive measures. These 

 include segregation of the sick and separation of new cases as often 

 as they occur, with transferrence of the well to new corrals — if 

 possible — whenever new cases are found. 



Animal should be killed as soon as the diagnosis is certain and 

 their bodies buried six feet deep and covered with quicklime. The 

 premises occupied by the sick must be thoroughly cleaned and 

 disinfected (p. 282). 



Hemorrhage. 



Certain general measures are useful in serious hemorrhage 

 which can not be immediately arrested by surgical means. Quietude 

 is particularly desirable, both of the patient and of the affected part. 

 This may be secured by the use of opium and is specially useful in 

 hemoptysis and intestinal bleeding. 



The injection of normal salt solution (one level teaspoonful 

 of sodium chloride to the pint of sterile water at 105 ° F.) into a 

 vein or under the skin, is indicated in every case of serious loss of 

 blood as soon as all means are taken to stop the hemorrhage. 



Increasing the coagulability of the blood is also beneficial when 

 the tendency to recurring hemorrhage exists. Thus, white gelatin, 

 5vi ; calcium chloride, 3ii ; and water ad Oii may be used in enema, 

 at body heat, after the bowel has been washed with a cleansing 

 soap-suds injection. Of this solution §10-16 are suitable for 

 horses ; § 1 x / 2 for smaller animals, and repeated every five hours till 



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