PREVENTION, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT I2 ? 



nocephalus) leads indirectly to nose-bleed, and this — especially if 

 enzootic — should call attention to the disease. 



Bleeding usually occurs from one nostril and is not accom- 

 panied by cough or frothiness as in hemoptysis. 



Treatment. — Injection with a syringe or from a tunnel and 

 rubber tubing of adrenalin in normal salt solution (i to 5,000), 

 or packing of the nasal cavity with gauze soaked in the same, is 

 most efficient. The packing should be removed in twenty-four 

 hours. When this is unobtainable the use of vinegar diluted with 

 two parts of water may be tried, or tine, of ferric chloride or a 

 concentrated solution of tannic acid or Monsel's solution. Insuf- 

 flation of dried alum or tannic acid is less efficient than packing the 

 nostril. In slight trickling hemorrhage, hamamelis or turpentine 

 may be given internally. Gelatin and calcium chloride (as above) 

 are indicated in conditions of disordered blood. 



Hemorrhage from the Lungs — Hemoptysis. — This occurs 

 in the horse following violent exertion, and during glanders (ulcera- 

 tion in larynx and bronchi) and congestion of the lungs. In cattle, 

 as in man, tuberculosis is the most frequent cause. Parasites (S. 

 armatus), new-growths, aneurism and foreign bodies are also occa- 

 sional sources. 



Symptoms. — The blood appears frothy and bright-red, from 

 the nose and mouth, and is accompanied by difficult breathing and 

 cough, and signs often exist in the lungs. 



Treatment. — Quietude is secured by chloral and sodium bro- 

 mide (H., gi of each; D., chloral, gr. v to x, with bromide, gr. x to 

 xx ), or morphine under the skin. Gallic acid may be given by the 

 mouth (H., 3ii; D., gr. x) every fifteen minutes during the hemo- 

 ptysis and then every four hours. Inhalation of Monsel's solution 

 (§ss to Oii) is of some service. 



To obviate a recurrence, calcium chloride (H., 3ii; D., gr. ii) 

 may be given in solution every two hours, or the mixture with gela- 

 tin (noted above) may be used in enema. Complete rest for the 



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